LANSING, Mich. - It will be a sea of red Tuesday at the Michigan Capitol, as organizations from across the state rally together and wear scarlet to denote the fight to get women's wages "out of the red."
Tuesday is Equal Pay Day, which symbolizes how far into 2015 women must work to earn what men earned in 2014.
Mary Pollock, on the board of the National Organization for Women, says equal pay is not just an issue for Michigan women - it's about ensuring the state's economy works for everyone, particularly since women now account for nearly half the workforce.
"Many of those women are supporting themselves and their children, and they need equal pay and need it now," she says. "It is worth hundreds of thousands of dollars in their total lifetime income not to be given equal compensation."
Legislation has been introduced in Lansing that would strengthen the Elliott-Larsen Civil Rights Act to make it clear that gender-based wage discrimination is illegal under Michigan law, and to foster greater accountability and enforcement of the issue.
Supporters will take part in a briefing on pay equity legislation at 10:30 a.m. Tuesday, followed by a 1 p.m. rally in the Capitol Rotunda.
On average, Michigan women earn 77 cents for every $1.00 that men earn, according to a new report from the Institute for Women's Policy Research. Some believe the comparison is flawed, since women often take time off to raise children. But Pollock says there's too much secrecy surrounding wages, and adds that women aren't asking for any kind of special treatment.
"The jobs that women hold need to be paid commensurate with the skill, effort, responsibility, working conditions, and training required in those jobs," she says.
Pollock says some ground can be gained by steering girls and young women toward higher-paying careers, particularly those in science, technology, engineering and mathematics, or so-called STEM fields.
"Even in those jobs and even right out of college, the wage discrimination starts right there," she says. "Just getting women into those non-traditional jobs will help improve their particular situation somewhat, but it will not close the entire gap."
According to the study, Michigan currently ranks 36th in the nation for pay equity. At the current rate, it is forecast Michigan women will not achieve pay equity until the year 2086.
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Following the signing of the Michigan Family Protection Act by Gov. Gretchen Whitmer, concerns remain about a potential federal ban on in vitro fertilization. The Act, signed in April, safeguards reproductive services such as surrogacy IVF and abortion. However, Project 2025 could limit access to these services if he wins the presidency in November.
Stephanie Jones of Grand Blanc, a mother who used IVF to conceive and had her daughter via surrogacy after secondary infertility, is a strong advocate of the procedure.
"A ban on IVF would be a ban on critical health care to hundreds of thousands of Americans, and without access to IVF, people would not be able to grow and some start their families. So it would be devastating," she contended.
Jones nearly lost her life due to a rare ectopic pregnancy, and credits an emergency abortion with saving her. Her pre-Roe experience now drives her advocacy for policies that protect IVF and support unrestricted abortion rights.
However, many right-to-life advocates contend that these reproductive services are not only morally wrong but unsafe.
Natalie Dodson, a policy analyst with The Ethics and Public Policy Center in Washington D.C., warns that reproductive service providers often downplay the health risks associated with IVF for both mothers and babies.
"In particular, the risk of non-chromosomal birth defects increase by 40%, the risk of autism is two times more likely, stillbirth increases up to 4 times compared to spontaneous conception. Additionally, women who undergo IVF experience increased health risks and poor health outcome," she said.
Dodson claims that scientifically life begins at conception, inside or outside the uterus, and said her main concern is whether embryos created through IVF have the same value as those developing naturally.
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Women's Equality Day commemorates the passage of the 19th Amendment giving women the right to vote. More than a century later, women have made progress but more work needs to be done.
Women have made major gains in elected positions across the country. In Oregon, they make up more than 40% of the seats in the legislature, the 13th highest percentage in the country.
Libra Forde, co-chair of the Oregon Commission for Women, said the 19th Amendment was a big accomplishment but it did not end the push for women's progress.
"As they saw a need during their time for us to have availability and access to things that they didn't have, I think most of the women -- especially the women of the commission -- we see a need to do the same thing for things that maybe women have not had access to yet and kind of taking the torch that's been passed to us," Forde explained.
Forde highlighted some of the issues where Oregon lawmakers could go further, such as being more vigorous in protecting women from domestic violence, sexual assault and stalking. On Aug. 26, 1920, the U.S. Secretary of State completed the ratification process for the 19th Amendment, ensuring women the right to vote.
Forde acknowledged Oregon lawmakers and groups across the state are doing a good job advocating for women's rights but added it is going to take a greater effort to protect rights for the next generation.
"We're going to need more than just women to do that work," Forde emphasized. "We need everyone to come together, kind of like they did 104 years ago, and say, hey, this is important to all of us and if we all came in on this, then I think we all can also succeed."
The Oregon Commission for Women is among the state's four advocacy commissions. It pushes for policies to support and protect women.
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In Ohio, women's political voices are facing a significant challenge, as a new analysis by the Center for American Women and Politics revealed a stark disparity in campaign contributions between men and women.
The study, which examined donations to major party candidates across 10 states, found men significantly out-give women, potentially leading to the underrepresentation of women's interests in politics.
Kira Sanbonmatsu, a researcher at the Center for American Women and Politics, explained the findings.
"Men are much more likely than women to be providing the funds that are fueling state candidates," Sanbonmatsu reported. "This means that women have fewer resources to get their voices heard."
Sanbonmatsu added the financial disparity has significant implications in Ohio, where women, especially in the Republican Party, remain underrepresented. Despite some progress, women in Ohio's legislature still struggle to achieve parity with men, largely due to financial constraints.
Sanbonmatsu said women, particularly from marginalized communities, often lack the resources to self-finance their campaigns, making it even harder to compete with better-funded male candidates.
A deeper look into Ohio's political landscape revealed most women running for office are Democrats, leaving a significant gap in representation among Republican women. Sanbonmatsu noted the trend mirrors national patterns and highlighted the challenges women face in accessing the financial networks necessary to support their campaigns.
"It's not enough for us to say women should run," Sanbonmatsu emphasized. "Do they have the resources to be successful in their campaigns?"
The study argued closing the funding gap is crucial for achieving equal representation for women in Ohio's political system. Increasing financial contributions from women and providing stronger support for female candidates could help create a more level playing field, ensuring women's voices have a meaningful effect on shaping the state's future.
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