ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. -- Nunca antes había sido más importante reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, según un nuevo informe, aunque probablemente no será suficiente para evitar un futuro más cálido para el planeta Tierra. Científicos del Panel Intergubernamental sobre Cambio Climático dijeron el lunes que la Tierra podría superar 1.5°C de calentamiento global en las próximas dos décadas.

El informe muestra que los esfuerzos para frenar las emisiones de combustibles fósiles se han retrasado tanto tiempo que no se puede evitar la intensificación del calentamiento global durante los próximos 30 años. No obstante, la científica climática Ilissa Ocko, del Fondo de Defensa Ambiental, dice que nunca es demasiado tarde para actuar.

"Cuanto antes actuemos y cuanto más rápido vayamos, mejor estaremos. Porque cada incremento de calor adicional que evitamos ayuda a reducir la intensidad y frecuencia de los eventos extremos y reduce el riesgo de un resultado catastrófico", añadió también Ocko.

El Departamento de Medio Ambiente de Nuevo México está trabajando para finalizar nuevas regulaciones que reduzcan el metano y la contaminación del aire debido a las operaciones de petróleo y gas mediante la implementación de reglas para eliminar la quema de rutina y reducir el desperdicio de gas natural.

El informe dice que se espera que los eventos climáticos extremos, incluidas las olas de calor y los incendios forestales como los de la costa oeste, empeoren y se vuelvan más frecuentes. Lisa DeVille, del Dakota Resource Council, vive en la reserva india de Fort Berthold en Dakota del Norte.

"Este año, el humo de los incendios forestales ha estado llenando nuestro aire y dañando nuestros pulmones. Estos impactos solo empeoraran si continuamos extrayendo combustibles fósiles y arrojando contaminación de carbono y metano al aire", comentó DeVille.

Rick Duke es un asistente especial del presidente para cambio climático. Dice que el informe anula cualquier debate restante sobre la urgente necesidad de reducir la contaminación por metano, especialmente de sectores como el petróleo y el gas, que por sí solos representan al menos el 25% del calentamiento. Sin embargo, señala que ya existe tecnología para reducir esas emisiones en un 75%.

"Incluso sin considerar la estabilidad climática, la salud pública o los beneficios de la productividad agrícola, la mayoría de estas estrategias de reducción de metano son muy asequibles, ya que convierten el metano de una corriente de desechos en productos valiosos como la electricidad", agregó también el asistente especial del presidente.

La Agencia de Protección Ambiental está preparada para proponer reglas en septiembre y reducir las emisiones de metano de las operaciones de petróleo y gas nuevas y existentes en todo el país, cuyo análisis muestra que podría reducir las emisiones en un 65%.

Wet weather this spring has improved drought conditions in Minnesota and southern Canada. However, experts remain on alert for increased wildfire activity and other climate changes affecting people's health.

Poor air quality was a frequent topic last year in the upper Midwest, as smoke pushed down from Canadian wildfires. Researchers said climate change is fueling hotter and drier summers, making forests more susceptible to large fires.

Dr. Bruce Snyder, co-founder of Health Professionals for a Healthy Climate, worries about a repeat summer of thick, hazy smoke in the air creating unhealthy conditions.

"When that happens, people have more respiratory disease; people who have chronic lung disease tend to get sicker," Snyder explained. "There's a lot of downstream consequences for people all over the world, but certainly here in Minnesota."

Snyder noted the transition to cleaner energy sources is complex, but acknowledged pollution events place more emphasis on the need for less reliance on fossil fuels, due to their contributions to a warming planet. The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency said the state has had 46 air quality alerts since 2015, and 34 of those were because of wildfire smoke.

Snyder emphasized it is not just air pollution from wildfire smoke to worry about. He pointed out there are other ways a person's health can suffer from climate change.

"We've got many more dangerous insects -- ticks, mosquitoes, and so forth," Snyder stressed. "This is having a profound effect on our wildlife. But also, we're seeing a lot more progressively rising rates of Lyme disease, of West Nile virus."

Year-over-year statistics may vary, but state health officials say the median number of Lyme disease cases has risen in the past decade. Snyder added adverse health effects of climate change can be much harder for populations lacking stable housing.


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Conservationists in Maine said reinstated protections of the Endangered Species Act could help wildlife already struggling to adapt to climate change.

Economic impacts will no longer be considered when listing certain species as threatened or endangered but the threat of climate change will be a factor.

Anya Fetcher, federal policy advocate for the Natural Resources Council of Maine, said so-called "blanket rule" protections will also be revived.

"This is basically, while they are considering whether they should become endangered, they're going to continue to protect those species as if they were," Fetcher explained.

The Trump administration removed protections for threatened species along with other key aspects of the law. Fetcher acknowledged the new rules are likely to be challenged by Congress similar to other climate and environmental regulations.

Conservation powers will also be extended to federally recognized tribes, allowing them the same opportunities to protect wildlife, including some of Maine's most iconic species such as the piping plover and Canada lynx, which are losing critical habitat to development and a changing climate.

Fetcher pointed out one-third of Maine's species are vulnerable to climate change, including more than half the state's birds.

"Our wildlife is part of what makes Maine so special," Fetcher asserted. "Protecting critical habitat and the incredible wildlife that we have here is vital to our economy as well."

Fetcher added the Endangered Species Act has been helpful in protecting species such as the bald eagle, once on the brink of extinction but now a common sight in Maine. Nearly 500,000 public comments were considered in the new rule-making process.


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PacifiCorp's updated energy roadmap throws a lifeline to Wyoming's coal industry but critics said the new Integrated Resource Plan is a major setback for community health and the climate.

Rob Joyce, director of the Wyoming Chapter of the Sierra Club, said the plan would add 100 million metric tons of climate pollution by 2042. It also slashes near-term investments in cheaper wind and solar, and makes a huge bet on behalf of ratepayers to install unproven and expensive carbon capture devices on existing coal-fired power plants.

"To be increasing emissions, increasing investment in fossil fuels, and putting hundreds of millions if not billions of dollars towards carbon capture when we're not 100 % sure if that is actually even going to work is really dubious," Joyce argued.

PacifiCorp, the parent company of Rocky Mountain Power, plans to extend the life of the Jim Bridger coal-fired power plant in southwestern Wyoming until 2039. The plan also pushes back the retirements of Utah's Hunter plant by at least 10 years, and the Huntington plant by at least four years. PacifiCorp said it should deliver significant near-term cost savings to ratepayers.

The plan also added more natural gas to PacifiCorp's energy portfolio. Joyce worries Wyoming ratepayers, already tapped by state lawmakers to pay millions for a carbon capture compliance surcharge, will end up on the hook.

"We're going to have to cover the costs of the volatility of new gas resources," Joyce pointed out. "The company is saying between $500 million and $1 billion per unit that they put carbon capture on. Those are all things that they pass on to the ratepayers."

Joyce noted with a looming 2030 deadline to significantly reduce fossil fuel pollution in order to avoid the worst effects of climate change, now is the time to invest big in wind and solar. He added by delaying the expansion of clean energy resources, PacifiCorp is leaving billions of dollars in Inflation Reduction Act incentives on the table.

"Right now we know that solar and wind and even battery storage are cheap and getting cheaper," Joyce emphasized. "Those are investments that the rest of the country is making to save ratepayers money."