It is Endangered Species Day, a reminder some plants and wildlife need protection, like Pennsylvania's eastern hellbender.

It is the state's official amphibian, a salamander which has survived for millions of years but now faces extinction due to habitat loss and pollution.

Ben Prater, Southeast program director for the nonprofit conservation group Defenders of Wildlife, said today is meant to raise awareness and remind people an incredible variety of species need public support. He pointed out scientists have raised concerns for years about declining eastern hellbender populations.

"The eastern hellbender is quite unique and charismatic," Prater explained. "It's the largest salamander in all of North America, growing to an average of two feet in length, so, it's a giant of our swift, cool, fast-flowing rivers and streams."

Prater stressed the best way to help is by supporting strong protections like the Endangered Species Act. The hellbender is proposed for listing under the act, which would bring federal and state resources to aid recovery, including protecting habitat and studying their breeding and behavior to support conservation efforts.

Prater noted hellbenders are picky. They need cold, clean streams, plenty of food, and flat rocks to nest. Their numbers have dropped, as pollution and dams have disrupted the connected waterways they rely on to breed and survive.

"The real insidious threat to hellbenders is the predominance of sediment that enters our waterways," Prater emphasized. "When you have development, bad forestry practices, bad agricultural practices, all of those things can affect the watershed and the quality of the water that hellbenders rely on."

He added historically, the eastern hellbender's range stretched along the Appalachian Mountains up and down the East Coast. Their preferred habitat includes the diverse mountain streams and rivers found from Alabama and Georgia all the way up to Pennsylvania and New York.

As World Sea Turtle Day approaches on Monday, an expert explains threats to sea turtles and their ecological importance along the coasts of the Commonwealth.

As waters begin to warm in late spring, between 5,000 and 10,000 sea turtles enter Chesapeake Bay. Most sea turtles in Virginia are classified as juvenile loggerheads or Kemp's ridleys, and both mainly use the bay for feeding, according to the Virginia Institute for Marine Science. Green and leatherback sea turtles are found less frequently, with the hawksbill being the rarest.

David Godfrey, executive director of the Sea Turtle Conservancy, said sea turtle populations are often markers of habitat health, and their diets promote biodiversity in the ocean.

"So areas where turtles are eating, the grass is shorter," he said. "They eat a little bit; it's sort of medium length. Some areas they don't touch at all, and others they eat it all the way down to the sand and it creates all kinds of different microhabitats that are utilized by all kinds of different species. And in areas where there are no turtles, you get kind of a monoculture of tall sea grass."

Green sea turtles create diversity in sea grasses, while hawksbill sea turtles fill a similar role on coral reefs. Godfrey added that jellyfish populations are kept in check by leatherback sea turtles, who rely on them for food.

Godfrey said human activity and development can often disturb sea turtles who are nesting or breaking out of their eggs for the first time. Young turtles use the light of the moon to guide them into the ocean after hatching. However, they're often drawn to lights from homes and businesses on beaches instead, taking them away from their natural habitat.

"The construction of sea walls to protect property or roads, or when people litter on the beach or in rivers that flow into the ocean, lots of negative things happen for sea turtles, their habitat and their ability to nest," he said. "What we do on the coasts is one of the big sources of threat."

The Commonwealth is home to five of seven turtle species in the world - all of which are protected under the Endangered Species Act.


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As the cleanup effort continues at Hobbs State Park Conservation Area in Rogers, officials with Arkansas State Parks have authorized a temporary firewood permit to help remove some of the fallen trees. The park was damaged by tornadoes in May of last year.

Mark Clippinger, superintendent at Hobbs State Park Conservation Area in Rogers, said the east side of the park received the most damage.

"One set of trees got knocked down and pushed some other trees down," he explained. "We also noticed that along the roadways and the hollows the air got pulled up into the inflow from the tornado where it was compressed before the tornado released it and sucked that timber up along those hollows and valleys, up onto the roadway."

The firewood permits are available at the Hobbs State Park Visitor Center and will be good for up to two months. Permit holders will be allowed to take unlimited quantities of downed timber within designated areas.

Park officials said removing the dead limbs will help reduce insect infestations, mitigate wildfire risk and support ecological recovery. Clippinger added that debris left around the park will be beneficial to wildlife, and said they are also conducting prescribed burns to open up more space for animals and nature.

"Having some of this material on the ground will provide shelter for turkeys and other ground-nesting birds as well. And there's plenty of debris down out here and in the surrounding community for that now that which will help those species. And some of the logs and material will help the reptiles and amphibians find shelter and a home," he continued.

The permitting program will run through December 31st. Hobbs State Park Conservation Area is the largest of Arkansas' 52 state parks.


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New Mexico residents have until the end of today to comment on a draft of the new State Wildlife Action Plan.

It identifies more than 500 species that require a need for conservation - more than double the number listed in the previous plan from 2017.

Ray Trejo's job as outreach coordinator for the New Mexico Wildlife Federation requires him to spend a lot of time outdoors in the southern half of the state.

He said he's seeing significant changes in the landscape due to ongoing drought and unprecedented dust storms.

Trejo pointed to mesquite shrubs - which both foxes and rabbits use for cover and shelter - not blooming on their previous schedule due to a changing climate.

"Things work in this ecosystem because of the diversity of the specifies that we have," said Trejo. "From our pollinators, vertebrates, habitat, it's one big family."

Last month, Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham declared a state of emergency due to persistent drought and escalating fire risk.

The state's game department updates the wildlife plan every ten years. The draft goes to the Department of Game and Fish on Friday for review and eventual approval.

The release of the plan follows passage by the New Mexico Legislature of a bill expanding the mission of the game department beyond its traditional role of managing game and fish for recreation and food supply.

Senate Bill 5 changes the name of the Department of Game and Fish starting next year to the New Mexico Department of Wildlife. Trejo said the change is overdue.

"The agency will be poised to lead the conservation movement," said Trejo, "in recognizing other species of greatest conservation need."

Trejo added that the plan is intended to avert the need for action by the federal government to list species under the Endangered Species Act - which can have dramatic impacts on other land uses.

Comments on the 2025 draft State Wildlife Action Plan can be submitted by email at wildlife.dgf.nm.gov.