SPRINGFIELD, Ill. - A partir de este mes, algunos de los habitantes más vulnerables del estado estarán mejor protegidos de quienes se aprovechen de ellos para defraudarlos. Una nueva iniciativa de ley, fechada el primero del año, incrementa las penas para quienes sean encontrados culpables de fraude financiero contra los adultos mayores o contra personas con capacidades diferentes.

Robarles cheques de Social Security o defraudarles en sus finanzas, ahora en Illinois pudiera llevar a la cárcel a los infractores, ya que se aumenta el castigo a los culpables de explotación financiera, en muchos casos clasificando el delito como Clase 1 o Clase 2, según sea la cantidad de dinero involucrada. Ryan Gruenenfelder, director estatal asociado de "Advocacy and Outreach" (Defensoría y Relaciones Sociales) en la AARP Illinois, dice que en la mayoría de estos casos están involucrados miembros de la familia de la víctima, o las personas encargadas de cuidarles.

"Es por eso que el Illinois Department on Aging (Departamento de Edad Avanzada de Illinois) y otros expertos en el abuso de los adultos mayores dicen que sólo se reporta UNO de cada trece casos de estos crímenes."

A nivel nacional, la explotación financiera cuesta a los adultos mayores casi dos y medio billones de dólares cada año y aún así, dice Gruenenfelder, muchas veces el asunto se maneja por la vía civil y no por la penal.

"Esa ha sido nuestra mayor frustración, específicamente respecto al abuso de adultos mayores. Creo que no ha recibido la atención ni la comprensión con las que cuentan el abuso infantil y la violencia doméstica."

Gruenenfelder dice que comprende por qué los adultos mayores dudan en reportar a los miembros de su propia familia cuando cometen abuso financiero, pero dice que las autoridades y los defensores deben ayudarles a comprender que ellos no merecen ser explotados.

"Esto es criminal. Sólo porque alguien tiene control sobre tu dinero, digamos si está en una situación de poder como la de un abogado, no significa que este no esté aprovechándose de esa persona y robándose su dinero."

Dice que quitar dinero o propiedades, cambiar cheques sin permiso o negar servicios a alguien para no gastar dinero, puede ser considerado abuso financiero en Illinois, y eso podría ser razón suficiente para llevar a una persona a la cárcel.


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Nursing homes across South Dakota will soon receive a boost in support, as part of the most recent legislative session.

Facilities caring for Medicaid recipients are reimbursed by the state for some of the cost. Reimbursement rates have been calculated based on patient needs, occupancy and funds available in the state budget. Last year, the South Dakota Legislature increased the rate from about 75% to 100%.

House Bill 1167 now allows the Medicaid reimbursement rate to be adjusted annually, to keep up with inflation and other changes.

Erik Nelson, advocacy director for AARP South Dakota, is glad lawmakers are giving nursing homes attention.

"We have seen a number of nursing homes close in recent years," Nelson pointed out. "Financial considerations were a factor in that, along with workforce and some other issues."

Since 2019, 15 nursing homes have closed across the state, with six of the remaining 98 on a federal list of facilities not meeting basic standards of care. In addition to a lack of funding, the average staff turnover rate is 54%.

State lawmakers also approved the use of $5 million in American Rescue Plan Act funding toward expanding telehealth services in facilities including nursing homes, allowing patients to receive some health care services remotely.

Nelson noted telehealth is one way to supply needed support.

"For not only the residents, but the family caregivers that are supporting their loved ones in the nursing homes," Nelson emphasized. "And of course, the staff of the nursing home that's in the community."

Census data show South Dakota's population is aging and by 2030, one-fifth of residents will be older than 65.

Meals on Wheels programs could be a powerful tool for addressing the needs of people living with dementia, according to a study from Ohio State University researchers.

The community-based program delivers weekly meals to food-insecure seniors.

Lisa Juckett, assistant professor of occupational therapy at Ohio State University, conducted interviews with caregivers, people living with dementia, and the staff of LifeCare Alliance, the largest Meals on Wheels provider in the state. She said the findings revealed delivery drivers are often a critical source of social interaction and an "extra set of eyes" on homebound individuals.

"That Meals on Wheels driver is then able to perform very brief but important wellness checks and safety checks," Juckett explained. "To make sure that meal is actually being delivered, the door is being answered."

According to Meals on Wheels America, last year more than 90,000 Ohio seniors received over eight million home-delivered meals through the program. More than 80% of people with dementia in the U.S. live at home, and an estimated 60% are unable to eat or prepare food on their own.

States rely on a combination of federal funding, private donations and fundraising agencies to keep local Meals on Wheels programs operating. Juckett added the findings come on the heels of Congress deciding to cut funding for the Older Americans Act, which allocates money to Meals on Wheels programs nationwide.

"Meals on Wheels programs are always on the chopping block, when it comes to federal budgets being adjusted every year," Juckett pointed out. "We need more advocacy efforts to validate or justify the importance of these programs."

According to the group Alzheimer's disease International, more than 55 million people around the world live with dementia, a number expected to double over the next two decades.

Advocates for people age 65 and older urged Colorado lawmakers to fully fund a program helping people remain in their homes and avoid placement in assisted living facilities.

Jayla Sanchez-Warren, director of the Area Agency on Aging for the Denver Regional Council of Governments, said home-based services cost under $2,000 dollars per year, on average, compared to $74,000 for nursing homes. Since most people cannot afford the nursing home charges, state and federal taxpayers have to pick up the bill after their savings are gone.

"It saves money for individuals, it saves money for the state, and it keeps people where they want to be; living in their own homes," Sanchez-Warren emphasized. "Someone who needs help with preparing meals and maybe showering should not have to go to a nursing home."

Sanchez-Warren noted adequately funding home-delivered meals, transportation, in-home assistance and similar services would cost the state $20 million. The number of people age 65 and older is projected to rise from 928,000 to 1.3 million by 2035, according to Colorado State Demography office data, outnumbering people 18 and under over the next three decades.

Federal support for community based services has dropped, and state-based funding is stuck at 2019 levels.

Sara Schueneman, state director of AARP Colorado, said demand has risen dramatically. Nearly eight in 10 Coloradans say they want to age in place in their communities.

"There is a growing population of older adults in the state of Colorado, and there is growing demand," Schueneman pointed out. "We are trying to support more people with less money because there is so much need."

Advocates urged lawmakers to increase funding by at least $5 million in the state's annual budget, and increase the amount year over year to ensure people can access services.

Sanchez-Warren added right now, their largest transportation provider has a 700 person waiting list. If someone needs to get to a doctor's appointment or a dialysis treatment, they have to wait at least two months for a ride.

"You can't get a home delivered meal right now," Sanchez-Warren stressed. "It used to be where you would come out of the hospital, and maybe your doctor said you should get home-delivered meals. And within a couple of days we could get you into a program and there would be a meal at your door. Not anymore, it's on a waiting list."