Mental health experts say this winter may be especially difficult for people who have lost homes or loved ones in the eastern Kentucky floods, and those who are rebuilding after last year's deadly tornadoes in the western part of the state.

Marcie Timmerman, executive director of Mental Health America of Kentucky, said the increased stress on families during the holidays and winter blues could set the stage for seasonal depression.

"We've been through pandemics, tornadoes and flooding, right? We've lost homes, we've lost things. We may have lost people we love. We lost places that we love."

The University of Kentucky reports more students seeking help for mental health issues on campus.

Timmerman noted Mental Health America has an online screening tool, which can be used at home to gauge depression risk.

She pointed out screening for depression increases the chance of getting treatment. Research shows many primary care physicians fail to recognize depression, especially in patients of color.

If you, or someone you know, are experiencing a mental health crisis, call or text the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline at 988, 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

Timmerman explained seasonal affective disorder is often affiliated with a lack of sunlight and decreased vitamin D levels. She emphasized it is important to pay attention to warning signs, including sadness, lack of energy and oversleeping.

"If you're crying every day for say, seven to 14 days, and it's impacting your work, or your school or your everyday life, that's really an indicator that you need to get some help," Timmerman advised.

According to the Cleveland Clinic, up to 3% of Americans suffer from seasonal affective disorder, but the number jumps to around 10% in parts of the country with longer winters.

A new blood test developed at the Indiana University School of Medicine
may shake up how doctors treat patients who suffer from anxiety disorders.

It took two decades to crack the code, but it now appears researchers can objectively diagnose anxiety through a simple blood test. The discovery offers peace of mind to some and takes away guesswork in treating more than 40 million Americans who struggle with the mental health disorder.

Dr. Alexander Niculescu, professor of psychiatry at Indiana University, said the new approach also helps match patients with existing medications.

"The big breakthrough here is not just developing the test, but in some way demystifying these stigmatizing mental health challenges; mild biological abnormalities or not so mild," Niculescu explained. "They are correctable, this can be in a primary care setting as part of your annual exam."

Niculescu added the test is available today with an order from a doctor, and results are usually returned after about three weeks.

Right now patients are responsible for the cost of the anxiety blood test, according to Niculescu, but there is a strong effort underway for Medicare and insurance companies to cover costs within the next year or two.

"Anxiety is usually viewed sort of not on par with other major severe mental health illnesses," Niculescu pointed out. "But if you ask patients who suffer from anxiety disorders it's as impairing. It curtails their lives; they're limited in terms of what they can do, and we want to do something to help them."

The I-U School of Medicine researchers who developed the test have spun it off with an Indianapolis-based tech startup, MindX Sciences.


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A host of barriers that make it harder for people suffering from poor mental health to access preventive care has led to an increase in care delivered through emergency departments, according to a new report.

Rick Doucet is the CEO of Community Reach Center, which provides mental-health care in Adams County. He said lack of adequate insurance coverage can cause people to put off getting help, which can lead to deteriorating conditions.

"It's hard for people that don't have insurance or Medicaid to make that decision to be seen," said Doucet. "That's why a lot of people end up in the ERs, or they end up being picked up by law enforcement."

Numerous efforts are underway in Colorado to improve diagnosis and treatment of mental-health conditions, reduce stigma, and expand coverage and access to services.

But according to new analysis by the Center for Improving Value in Health Care, the number of patients seen by Emergency Departments across Colorado continues to rise.

Emergency rooms have become the most accessible option for many suffering from potentially preventable mental-health crises.

From 2016 to 2021, the number of children seeking mental-health or potential self-harm care at emergency departments increased by 158%. In 2021, youths accounted for one in five of these visits.

Doucet noted that emergency rooms are not set up to provide mental-health services, and the services they can provide come at significantly higher costs.

"I mean, you walk into the ER, the dollars start adding up," said Doucet. "So it is going to increase the costs to the community, to the insurance companies, to the individual if they don't have insurance."

Anxiety, panic and major depressive disorders account for 44% of all mental health-related diagnoses in Colorado.

Doucet said the state is currently looking at the possibility of funding community mental-health centers at a higher rate to help cover the potentially crippling costs of uncompensated care.

"Because if you don't cover the costs for people that don't have insurance," said Doucet, "or their insurance companies don't pay enough for the services, you can't keep your doors open, you can't serve them."




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An estimated 291,000 Iowans suffer from eating disorders, which range from mild to lethal.

Experts are spreading knowledge and information during National Eating Disorders Awareness Week, and calling for additional education, funding and research to combat the problem.

Researchers have not been able to pin down exactly what causes eating disorders, which can range from an unhealthy relationship with food to a lethal obsession with overeating, under-eating, or both; often at the same time.

Lauren Smolar, vice president of mission and education for the National Eating Disorders Association, said the illnesses can show up in a variety of ways, including someone abruptly eating drastically greater or lesser amounts of food than they typically do.

"It could also mean that they are not interested in eating meals with other people anymore," Smolar pointed out. "Drastic changes in shape or weight can be a warning sign of an eating disorder. But even cause for concern can be just changes in mood and shifts in attitudes; the way that they're talking about foods."

One thing researchers agree on is eating disorders are a mental illness, not a choice, and while people often assume young, white females are most frequently afflicted, anorexia and bulimia nervosa, along with a host of other eating disorders, do not discriminate and are common in both genders of varying ages and ethnic groups.

Smolar noted the pandemic heightened awareness of eating disorders and other mental health issues, but added, despite some progress, there is still precious little research, funding and social acceptance of eating disorders as lethal mental illnesses the way, for example, cancer is accepted as a deadly disease.

"But you can see cancer on a physical screening, whereas it's a little harder to show that an eating disorder is there, in essence," Smolar observed. "There is still a lot to be learned about brain chemistry and rewiring of brains and how mental health works, and it's much more normalized to talk about it, but there's just a lot more education that needs to be done."

Smolar said because health care workers are not required to learn about eating disorders as part of their training, early detection is also lacking. The American Society for Nutrition reports more than 10,000 people die each year from eating disorders, the second most lethal mental illness, behind only opioid addiction.