Advocates for people experiencing homelessness are pushing back against proposals by several Denver mayoral candidates who are including forced mental-health holds, more police interventions and zero tolerance for violating the city's camping ban.
Cathy Alderman, chief communications and public policy officer, Colorado Coalition for the Homeless, said no one wants to see tents on public sidewalks, but the problem is complex, and is driven in part by a severe deficit in affordable housing.
"And we can't arrest our way out of it. What we need to do is we need to scale up our housing programs, scale up our social-services programs, to the need that we have on the streets," Alderman said. "We have not done that as a city, we have not done that as a state, and we haven't done it as a country."
The coalition has released a new report demonstrating how criminalization, camping bans and the decades-old theory of "treatment first" simply do not work. People experiencing homelessness are already 11 times more likely to be arrested than people with housing, often for things that would be legal if they were housed such as sitting or lying down and sharing food.
Advocates say removing encampments through "sweeps" can actually disrupt progress people may be making towards a long-term housing solution by preventing them from getting medical treatment and missing housing-related appointments, for example.
Housing, alongside supportive services, is a proven solution to chronic homelessness, Alderman said.
"And frankly it's better for taxpayers because it costs half as much to house folks with supportive services than it does to leave them outside languishing in these emergency systems like jail, detox, emergency rooms," she added.
It costs more than $13,000 per person annually to provide supportive housing compared with between $21,000 and $40,000 spent by taxpayers for medical care, incarceration, detox treatment and shelter services. Alderman said the data and years of experience show that strategies aiming to "get tough" on people experiencing homelessness will not resolve the underlying problems that have created the crisis.
"They might work to eliminate visible homelessness, and they might work to get more people into jails and prisons. But those are not homelessness-resolution strategies," she said.
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It is estimated more than 2,600 people live on the streets across Arkansas.
Since taking office, President Donald Trump has proposed a "treatment first" plan, which includes moving unhoused people into camps.
Neil Sealy, senior organizer for Arkansas Community Organizations, said the proposal does not address the root cause of homelessness.
"There are a lot of homeless people who have addiction problems and they need help, but they also need to have a safe place to live," Sealy pointed out. "Putting them in an internment camp is outrageous and it's punitive and it needs to be stopped."
Sealy noted Arkansas has been in a housing crisis since the 1980s and additional cuts to the Department of Housing and Urban Development will make things worse. The number of unhoused people increased 6% between 2022 and 2023.
The president has not made a formal announcement about his homelessness plans but cuts have been made to programs supporting efforts to help unsheltered people across the country. During his campaign, Trump said unhoused people would be moved into tent cities and required to undergo mental health or drug treatment. Sealy emphasized not everyone who lives on the streets needs such services.
"That is not the only cause of homelessness," Sealy underscored. "There are all kinds of situations in life that -- when your money is gone -- and when you're now going to cut subsidized housing and you're not going to build more housing, but if they find you on the streets you're going to stay in a tent."
The president said the administration will work with people who are down on their luck to reintegrate them into a normal life. He added those refusing treatment would be jailed.
Sealy contended with fewer federal dollars, the Arkansas economy will worsen and lawmakers need to hear from their constituents.
"Call their House of Representatives, their Congressman or woman, or their Senator and keep calling," Sealy urged. "Then seek out organizations like ours who are building a resistance. We just have to push back hard."
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Housing that's both affordable and ready to rent is out of reach for many Hoosiers.
The 2025 Indiana Housing Profile says for every 100 low-income households, only 38 affordable rental homes are available.
And Indiana saw almost 5,000 eviction filings in the last month, according to the nonprofit Eviction Lab at Princeton University, which tracks eviction trends nationwide.
Amy Nelson, executive director of the Fair Housing Center of Central Indiana, advised tenants facing eviction to reach out for help from a knowledgeable source.
"For those who may be experiencing an eviction or eviction filing, we always recommend that you get legal advice so that you can ensure that you are protecting your rights," said Nelson. "Those lawyers could also help you in negotiating with your landlord, or understanding if the action being taken against you may be unlawful or not."
A full-time worker in Indiana must earn an hourly wage of $22 to afford the average fair market rent of $1,200 for a two-bedroom home.
When rent and utilities are factored in, a household needs to earn almost $46,000 to pay the average rent without spending more than 30% of their income.
The federal Fair Housing Act, signed into law in 1968, protects renters and home buyers from discriminatory practices in lending, insurance, and zoning.
Twenty years later, protections were expanded to include discrimination based on disability or familial status, or having kids under 18.
But in February, the Trump administration started cutting grant funding to groups that enforce fair housing laws. Nelson said discrimination is real - and may be very blatant.
"You are told that you won't be rented to because you have children or because you're Latino, or because you need an accommodation for a disability," said Nelson. "But very often, it's much more subtle than that. We always tell people to trust that internal voice if something doesn't feel right, and report it to the Fair Housing Center."
Indiana landlords filed more than 73,000 evictions last year.
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Since February, 66 fair-housing groups across the country have been in limbo while their federal grants were cut, temporarily restored, then tied in with a case that went to the U.S. Supreme Court.
Now, the decision is back in a federal district court.
Since the Fair Housing Act of 1968, these groups have investigated housing discrimination cases and counseled victims. That includes Montana Fair Housing, which relies on a federal grant of $425,000 for about 83% of its annual budget. Advocates for cuts argue they want housing laws to return to a pre-DEI era.
Erin Kemple, vice president for fair housing services with the National Fair Housing Alliance, noted that antidiscrimination laws go back much further.
"The fair-housing laws have been on the books for a long time. And the administration doesn't seem to understand that as a result of that, they have obligations and requirements that they must uphold," she explained. "It's not a policy, it's the law."
Kemple said briefs are due to the district court Friday, April 11. According to the Alliance, there were more than 33,000 reported complaints of housing discrimination in the U.S. in 2023.
Kemple calls housing a "hub" around which almost everything in a person's life revolves.
"It's going to determine where your kids go to school, where you get a job, your access to transportation, your access to food, and even where you go to church on the weekends. All of that is impacted by where you live," she continued.
She added that interruptions to housing services can impact people who use shelters, older Americans moving in or out of nursing homes and access to fresh food.
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