A new study from Ball State University's Center for Business and Economic Research revealed how child care availability and costs affect women's workforce participation in Indiana.
Michael Hicks, director of the center, said the study examined economic factors influencing child care demand and the supply of child care workers. In 2022, the median wage for women in Indiana was slighter over $21 per hour. Hicks argued it is not enough and highlighted the financial strain on families.
"If you're a woman entering the labor force and you have two kids and your husband or your spouse is working at $57,000 a year, you have to earn almost $24 an hour before you're taking home the equivalent of minimum wage," Hicks pointed out.
Hicks added the same parent would need to earn more than $32 per hour to bring home $400 per week after taxes and child care costs. He explained the study identified for many Hoosier families with children, the decision for both parents to work is often financially impractical.
The study also found a 10% increase in child care workers correlates with a 0.4% rise in employment for women aged 25-34 and 1% for those aged 35-44, which Hicks acknowledged could be an uphill battle.
"I think it's going to be very difficult to make large scale expansions of child care," Hicks noted. "Simply because it's such an expensive shock to the overall economy for what are really transient benefits."
Hicks stressed an 8% wage increase is needed to boost the child care workforce, underscoring the necessity for better pay to attract and retain workers.
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As many nonprofit organizations see a decrease in funding and donations, one charity is stepping up to ensure organizations run by women of color don't suffer unequally.
The Women's Foundation of the South raises funds - and awards grants to programs, services, and resources for Black, Indigenous, Latinx, and Asian women, and girls.
Founding President and CEO Carmen James Randolph said they created the charity to address the funding gap.
"We receive the least amount of philanthropic investment, as well as the smallest share of investment capital to support our businesses," said Randolph. "So, we exist to shift this trend of underinvestment."
She said they are helping 120 organizations across Arkansas and four other southern states. They hope to expand to 13 states by 2026.
A study by the Ms. Foundation for Women shows that nonprofit organizations led by women of color receive about 50% less in funding from charities and foundations.
Randolph said the women are doing more with less.
"More than 50% of women in some of our states, in the south, are living in prenatal care and maternal care deserts," said Randolph. "So, you have nonprofits that are picking up the slack and working to provide these critical services, and they are so deeply under resourced."
She added that although women of color have successfully operated corporations and organizations, they still face what's known as "trust philanthropy."
"And I think in the south you have those issues of trust," said Randolph, "combining with long standing issues with racism and patriarchy where they all combine."
Randolph said they hope to change the economic trajectory of at least 2.5 million women and girls of color by 2031.
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New Mexico's 2025 Legislature will make history next week, convening with the largest percentage of women in the U.S., based on its total number of members.
Female legislators in New Mexico will hold a 54% majority, thanks to voters electing 11 additional women in November, both Democrats and Republicans.
Rep. Joy Garratt, D-Albuquerque, believes issues tackled by lawmakers are more comprehensive when deliberations include women.
"They have the kinds of concerns for family issues, children's issues, educational issues that, of course, many men share as well," Garratt pointed out. "But women -- who still, to this day, receive lower salaries in so many professions -- really need to be seated at the table."
Women hold 44 seats in the New Mexico House compared to 24 held by men, while men still hold a majority in the state Senate, with 26 of 42 seats. The legislature now has 33 Democratic and 11 Republican women. Nevada became the first state to elect a female legislative majority in 2018, but its legislature has 37 fewer seats than New Mexico.
Garratt noted women in New Mexico's legislature range in age from 26 to 78, representing a wide range of lived experiences. In addition, she said 25 of the 33 Democratic reps are women of color.
"That's another under-represented group in our elected bodies that New Mexico has really pioneered," Garratt emphasized. "It's not only that we have these large numbers of women running and winning but we have women of all ethnicities and backgrounds."
According to Garratt, the significant shift in representation is a bit ironic, considering just eight years ago, women were forced to make a long trek just to find a restroom at the Roundhouse. One was finally installed in 2018 near the House chamber.
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South Dakota voters will soon decide on Amendment E, which would adjust language in the state Constitution for certain officeholders.
Amendment E would change the text of South Dakota's Constitution to remove generic male pronouns and replace them with the office names they refer to. A recent poll showed the initiative is unpopular among voters, despite wide support from state lawmakers.
Sen. Erin Tobin, R-Winner, sponsored the bill to put the question on the ballot. She said it is appropriate when South Dakota has its first woman governor and its highest number of women legislators to date.
"When the governor spoke at her State of the Union, she's using the word 'he' for her own position," Tobin pointed out. "It just makes more sense for her to be able to use 'the governor.'"
In a recent poll by South Dakota News Watch, only 30% of respondents said they would vote to pass the measure. The resolution passed unanimously in the South Dakota Senate and handily in the House. Gov. Kristi Noem signed a similar measure in 2023, which changed the language in codified laws, while surrounded by women and girls at the Capitol.
Opponents said it will cost taxpayers money but Tobin countered the Constitution undergoes "style and form changes," and reprints happen after a certain number of changes anyway.
"To say that it's going to cost any money, I think, is very misleading," Tobin argued. "If it does cost anything, it's going to be negligible."
Tobin added the amendment is primarily about celebrating women.
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