By John Hilber / Broadcast version by Farah Siddiqi reporting for the Kent State NewsLab-Ohio News Connection Collaboration.

In the first two days after sports betting was legalized, Ohio saw over 11.3 million bets placed - nearly one for every Ohio resident, according to the Cincinnati Bar Association.

Within a year, Ohioans had bet $7.65 billion on sports.

Sports betting became legal in Ohio effective Jan. 1, 2023. Since then, sports betting has driven a significant increase in state tax revenue and sports viewership - along with reports of problem gambling, experts say.

"The number one driver [of legalizing sports gambling] is a tax revenue opportunity," said Stephen Shapiro, a professor in the Department of Sport and Entertainment Management at the University of South Carolina. "In states where it is not legal, it's illegal gambling, and the state is seeing no benefit from that. So that's revenue that did not exist before, and it could be used for a variety of benefits for the state."

In 2023, Ohio collected more than $936 million in tax revenue from sports betting. Gamblers have to pay a 10% tax on all winnings. According to the Ohio Department of Taxation, the state uses the taxes to fund different Gross Casino Revenue Funds and efforts to help with gambling problems.

Apps like FanDuel and DraftKings facilitate many sports bets in the 38 states that have legalized it. By using apps, gamblers aren't limited to traditional bets on the margin of victory or bets on who wins or loses outright - they have many options per sporting event, like multi-stage parlays, event-based bets and individual performance bets.

"Traditionally, someone could have bet on this game, and they watch the game in its entirety, and they win or lose based on the outcome and the score - it's one bet," Shapiro said. "Now, in this particular game, the Packers get the ball, and they drive down the field and score a touchdown, and there were 20 opportunities to bet during that one drive."

Gambling means more people watching sports, experts say

Now legal in most of the United States, sports betting has shown some benefits for professional sports leagues.

"People are definitely watching sports that they have not watched before due to gambling - there is no question about it," Shapiro said. "It leads to more consumption and consumption of sports that you're not typically watching."

That may be because gambling can heighten viewers' excitement.

"Gambling, for the most part, provides people with the opportunity to get excited because of the possibility of winning," said James Whelan, a research professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Memphis. "There are social reasons to gamble, but in the end, the idea of doing something risky is getting rewarded by winning money,"

Ted Baugh, the vice president of Corporate Partnerships and Premium Hospitality for the Cleveland Guardians, said Major League Baseball is trying to help everyone associated with the sport navigate legal gambling, including players and fans alike.

"It is constant education," he said. "It is constant reminding that it is legal, but don't be stupid. It is more about what is good for the fan and what is legal."

As gambling expands, so does problem gambling

According to Ohio for Responsible Gambling, the Problem Gambling Helpline in Ohio received 10,637 calls in 2023 compared to 6,835 in 2022.

"Everybody with a gambling problem comes at it a little differently," Whelan said. "For many of these people, there are other things going on in their life that also feed into why they may become overly involved in gambling, even though gambling is harmful to them."

Whelan encourages gamblers to monitor themselves by asking, in part: "When am I in harm's way? When am I getting hurt by this, and I need to back off?"

Whelan said the majority of people who want to control their gambling can benefit from cognitive-behavioral intervention treatments. Cognitive-behavioral therapy aims to change a patient's behavior by changing how the patient thinks about the actions.

"Have a good time, enjoy yourself, set limits and stick with them," Whelan said.


This collaboration is produced in association with Media in the Public Interest and funded in part by the George Gund Foundation.


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Professors on college campuses across the country are unionizing at increasingly higher rates and a bill in the Maryland General Assembly may help the efforts at state universities.

The legislation would give faculty at Morgan State University, St. Mary's College of Maryland, and faculty in the University of Maryland system the right to form a union. Another bill would also offer collective bargaining rights to graduate assistants at Maryland universities.

Del. Linda Foley, D-Montgomery, said the legislation would give teachers at each university the freedom to decide.

"If they desire and they vote for a union representative to represent them, then they can bargain a contract with their employer," Foley explained.

The bill includes full-time or part-time faculty, and those who are either on tenure or non-tenure tracks. Foley added faculty at Maryland community colleges are already able to organize unions.

Since 2012, the number of unionized faculty across the country has grown more than 7%, with more than a quarter of all faculty belonging to a union. More than 80% of unionized college faculty members are nontenured. Foley, a former vice president of the Communications Workers of America, said despite perceptions, unions are not just for blue collar workers.

"Just because they're not doing manual labor or you know working in a sweatshop so to speak, doesn't mean that workers don't have rights to collective bargaining or that collective bargaining isn't meaningful," Foley emphasized. "It certainly is, because there are many, many issues that collective bargaining can address."

She added workers could benefit from negotiating with an employer about hours, wages and working conditions which would otherwise be more difficult without a union.


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Consumer advocates in Virginia and around the country are trying to chart a new path forward as a federal consumer rights watchdog is being effectively "defanged."

In February, dozens of probationary employees at the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau were fired.

Between 2021 and 2025, the bureau gave $9.4 billion back to consumers but the Trump administration has pulled the agency off numerous consumer protection lawsuits, including against major bank Capital One for allegedly cheating millions of customers out of $2 billion in interest.

Jay Speer, consumer rights attorney and executive director of the Virginia Poverty Law Center, said consumers will feel the brunt of the decisions.

"People not going to get all this money back that they should be getting from these wrongdoers," Speer pointed out. "Basically, it's a message to big companies that they can do whatever they want. Nobody's going to stop them, so abuse of consumers is just going to get worse. There's no question about it."

Russell Vought, Trump's director of the Office of Management and Budget, has posted on social media the bureau is "woke" and weaponized.

Advocates are putting up a fight. Speer pointed out his organization has joined a lawsuit to stop the bureau's closure. He argued administration efforts to disband the agency break the law and cut into Congress' power to create new federal agencies.

"Congress established this," Speer stressed. "It's not up to the executive branch to just do away with it by some executive order or whatever they claim they have the authority to do it. That's not right."

Conservatives called for the bureau's closure in Project 2025, which Vought helped author.

Union workers across Montana are celebrating the death of a bill which would have given employees the right to choose whether to join a union when hired by a represented company.

Known as the "right to work" bill, some said its title is misleading. More than 200 people signed up to speak against Senate Bill 376 at a hearing last Friday, and more joined them at a rally outside the Statehouse later in the day. Only two people testified in favor.

Jim Soumas, principal officer for Teamsters union Local 190, said it is "inappropriate" to expect unions to do their work with optional dues.

"It's like asking a business to provide a free service," Soumas pointed out. "There's cost to the union to provide professional representation and negotiation skills. We provide that for our members but that comes with a cost."

After the bill failed a committee vote Saturday, its sponsor, Sen. Mark Noland, R-Bigfork, tried to force it out of committee but 14 majority Republicans joined Democrats to block the move.

Jason Hottel, a member of Ironworkers Local 732, said early in his career, he worked in Idaho, a "right to work" state. He could not live off the wages, he said, so he moved back to Montana, a state with a strong union history.

"Since then, it's been night and day with what it's done for my life," Hottel explained. "The people around me and my children and everybody else involved with my life has been the biggest impact."

Hottel added he rallied at the Capitol to be an example for younger union workers. Montana is one of 23 states to have not passed so-called "right to work" legislation.