LOS ANGELES – Even as President Donald Trump wraps up his first visit to the Golden State since the election, immigrant-rights groups are embracing California's new nickname as the "State of Resistance."

Last September, the president ended the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, which allows work permits for people brought to the United States as children. However, a federal judge kept it going while litigation proceeds.

Frank Sharry, founder and executive director of the nonprofit America's Voice, described himself as very pessimistic that this Congress will cut a deal to help the Dreamers.

"The Trump administration has declared war on refugees and immigrants; they are determined to kick out people who are here, either with no status or with an uncertain status," Sharry insisted. "So, this is a historic challenge to those of us who believe that America should be a welcoming nation."

Trump has defended his policies, saying the increases in immigration raids and deportations will protect jobs for U.S. citizens. He visited prototypes for a border wall and maintained that national security depends on its construction.

Attorney Joshua Rosenthal with the National Immigration Law Center said he supports comprehensive immigration reform, but noted there is no provision to help people who hadn't yet applied for DACA.

"It does leave out people who were not able to obtain DACA before the Trump administration ended the DACA program, because they were too young, or they hadn't finished enough education," Rosenthal explained. "And unfortunately at this point, those people are unable to apply for DACA."

California's "sanctuary state" laws prevent local authorities from handing over immigrants to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) unless the people have been convicted of a serious felony. Employers also are forbidden to grant access to their workplace or to employee records without a warrant.

The feds are suing over the issue, but Sally Kinoshita with the Immigrant Legal Resource Center is convinced the laws are constitutional.

"There's nothing in federal law that mandates that states or localities use their own resources to aid federal immigration agents to arrest people or identifying people," said Kinoshita, ILRC deputy director. "The federal government cannot require the state to participate in a federal deportation program."

And Hector Salvador with the California Labor Federation in Los Angeles is organizing rapid-response networks, sending teams of supporters to workplaces during raids.

"Though there is fear and a lot of anxiety because of all these increased levels of ICE raids and threats from this administration, there are groups of immigrants and allies that are fighting back," said Salvador.

Immigrant-rights groups are calling on voters to register their opinions at the ballot box in this fall's midterm elections, in hopes of voting in a new Congress that could be more amenable to the plight of immigrants.



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President Donald Trump's sweeping mass deportation plan has been scrutinized over the treatment of undocumented immigrants. One criticism has focused on the denial of their due process.

Eliut Ramirez, event coordinator, Indianapolis immigration law firm Gresk & Singleton and Giancarlo said immigrant rights are not acknowledged. The concerns he hears from the Latino community include not knowing what to expect with the nation's new immigration policies. He works to get the word out about the rights immigrants do have.

"Well, some people, unfortunately, don't know that they have certain rights, and a lot of people are afraid that ICE or the police are going to show up to their homes and take their family away if they are undocumented. We're also hearing a lot of people getting pulled over for traffic violations - they have a taillight out, or even if they look suspicious," he explained.

Ramirez said police are eyeing Latino motorists more closely and stop them to ask if they are documented. And he is hearing these incidents are increasing. The Census Bureau reports that Marion County is home to 14% of the state's Latino population.

Giancarlo Sucre. ice president of business development for the International District Community Center, said the facility offers resources and support while fostering collaboration and learning to drive positive change and prosperity on Indianapolis' westside. The center recently hosted an information and immigration rights fair. Sucre wants the public to understand that Latinos should not be grouped into one category.


"And it's a lot of mixed households," he explained. "That's one of the things that sometimes people don't think about. It's not an abstract - there's a lot of undocumented with documented in the same household. So it has a lot of effects on the community as a whole that's been there for many years, not just people recently. It tears families apart - part of them here, part of them there."

Sucre said he is not aware of any instances where ICE has appeared in Indianapolis' predominantly Latino neighborhoods.

As the Trump administration's deportation efforts continue, more people find themselves in immigration court.

Immigration law is complicated, and most immigrants who navigate the court system do so by themselves.

Kelly Garcia, a reporter for Injustice Watch who covers immigration courts in Chicago, said the lack of legal representation and language barriers add to the complexity. Garcia noted almost no one she has encountered in the Chicago court speaks English, yet all the signs and case sheets are in English. Many show up late or miss their hearings because of it.

"If you miss your court hearing, the judge can order your removal," Garcia pointed out. "These barriers have very serious consequences for people - and it's very sad, honestly. It's very sad to witness that."

Garcia noted it is a misconception most immigrants speak Spanish. She has heard many other languages, from Arabic to Creole to Mandarin and said most people do not know they need to request a court interpreter in advance of their hearing or risk having their case delayed. Those who show up late or not at all could be immediately removed from the country.

Research shows those with legal representation fare better in court. But people in immigration court do not have the right to an attorney if they cannot afford one. The burden of proof, to show they were charged incorrectly or request temporary relief through asylum, falls on them.

Groups like the National Immigrant Justice Center and Legal Aid Chicago are on-site to help address some gaps. As the daughter of an immigrant, Garcia emphasized she can relate to the range of emotions she sees in court.

"It just feels very personal to me, because I know how it impacted my mom," Garcia recounted. "I know how hard and difficult that was for her and I also recognize that it's only gotten harder for a lot of people, especially for people who have migrated [from] very dangerous conditions, here."

Garcia added she has seen many people come to the U.S. for reasons beyond their control. She said her time covering the immigration court has prompted her to work on creating an "explainer" story to help answer the many questions she hears from defendants every day.

Following President Donald Trump's executive order lifting Immigration and Customs Enforcement restrictions in protected areas, the American Federation of Teachers is offering guidance to colleges and universities, in Michigan and nationwide.

The AFT, National Immigration Law Center, and Presidents' Alliance teamed up to release a guide to help colleges handle ICE encounters - including establishing school protocols and understanding constitutional rights.

Eric Rader, AFT president at Henry Ford College in Dearborn, said the school provides support for its large Arab and Muslim student population affected by current events.

"All of our students at Henry Ford are eligible for free counseling in our counseling department," said Rader. "We also have a lot of affinity groups, student groups, that are a great place for students of Arab or Muslim descent to talk to other students."

Rader said the college also offers specialized support for international staff members.

Immigration law states that ICE can enter public areas of campus without a warrant, but an authorized official must approve access to non-public areas.

The guide instructs students and staff to notify the president or chancellor if law enforcement requests campus access or student records - or if officers are seen on or near campus questioning students.

Rader stressed that Henry Ford is committed to reassuring students and ensuring their safety.

"We've reminded everyone that federal laws like the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act prohibits us from divulging information about the identities of our students to outside parties," said Rader. "And while we may have to comply with law enforcement if there are court orders, we and our students have legal rights that must be protected."

Students and staff are also advised to document any ICE encounters with photos, videos, notes, and agent details.