AUSTIN, Texas - Ya afectados con un recorte de más de $4 billones en el estado, es probable que los distritos escolares de Texas, incluyendo Harris, Howard, El Paso, Jefferson y Nueces, tengan que pagar millones más a las compañías petroleras más grandes del país. Hasta ahora, 16 compañías, incluyendo Valero Energy, han pedido $135 millones como reembolso de impuestos de propiedad que dicen se les deben por haber instalado maquinaria de control de contaminación ya que los costos deberían ser cubiertos por un programa de incentivo de impuestos del estado. La Texas Commission on Enviornmental Quality(Comisión de Calidad Ambiental de Texas)está evaluando esta petición.

Tom "Smitty" Smith, con la organización Public Citizen de Texas dice que esta controversia llega en un momento crítico para el Gobernador Perry, quien anunció el martes que cortaría al Departamento de Educación de Estados Unidos junto con la Agencia de Protección Ambiental si es elegido presidente.

"En tiempos cuando las compañías petroleras están reportando ingresos récord, se convierte en una pregunta bastante crítica para el Gobernador Perry ¿Vas a verte a favor de los niños y sus escuelas o vas a apoyar a las compañías petroleras que son las más contaminantes en el estado?"

Perry ha mencionado que confía como la Comisión de Calidad Ambiental de Texas (TCEQ, por sus siglas en inglés) evaluará la petición, pero Smith dice que los miembros de la TCEQ –todos nombrados por el Gobernador- tienen historial a favor de los intereses corporativos. Teme que sin las voces del público, la Comisión dará favor a la industria que ha contribuido mucho dinero a las campañas políticas pasadas de Perry.

"La tendencia de la comisión es de favorecer todo lo que piden estas corporaciones que tanto contaminan, y en este caso el resultado afectaría a los niños y sus escuelas a demás de afectar a los contribuyentes de impuestos en el estado."

Existe desacuerdo entre si la maquinaria de control de contaminación que instaló Valero en el 2007 cumple con los requisitos del estado para los incentivos de impuestos, los cuales fueron diseñados para recompensar reducciones de contaminación. Los ambientalistas argumentan que la maquinaria, aunque reducen la contaminación de las emisiones de vehículos, en verdad empeora la calidad del aire en comunidades petroleras; por ello no es lógico que se le otorguen incentivos de impuestos del estado para tecnología que es requisito federal.

Smith dice que muchos de los distritos que dependen de los impuestos por propiedad de las compañías petroleras ya tienen historial de sufrir recortes a su presupuesto por ventajas fiscales a las corporaciones.

"Estos no son distritos escolares de los suburbios que tienen bastante dinero por los impuestos de propiedad de residentes de altos ingresos, si no que son los distritos más pobres del país."

Linda Bridges es la Presidenta de la Federación Americana de Maestros de Texas quien dice que algunas escuelas encontrarán imposible reembolsar esos fondos, ya que están sufriendo con recortes de personal, números más grandes de alumnos por cada clase y recortes a programas.

"Existe una tremenda cantidad de dinero que ha sido recortado que ya ha impactado a los niños; ahora si añades este reembolso a Valero y otras compañías, en verdad hace el problema aún peor."

No se es claro cuando decidirá la TCEQ sobre el reembolso, pero se espera que los que abogan por las escuelas expresen sus preocupaciones durante la siguiente reunión de la TCEQ el próximo 2 de Noviembre. Mientras tanto, la oposición comunitaria hacia el reembolso ha estado creciendo, con algunos padres haciendo ventas de repostería al público para demostrar su necesidad de recibir más recursos estatales.


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Virginia advocates believe more can be done to make higher education accessible to incarcerated people.

Only a handful of community colleges partner with less than half of the state's correctional facilities to help people obtain associate's degrees.

In 2023, incarcerated people became eligible for federal Pell Grants, supporting tuition costs for low-income individuals.

Terri Erwin, director of the Virginia Consensus for Higher Education in Prison, an initiative of the Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy, said the General Assembly can help grow the programs.

"I think that the General Assembly can be kind of a third leg in the stool in supporting the collaboration as it develops between the Department of Corrections and the institutions of higher education," Erwin asserted. "What might be needed depends in part on how those relationships develop."

Higher education's shift to technology was one big challenge in maintaining this access during the pandemic. She noted Virginia did not pivot the same way, yet technology solutions in states such as Tennessee and Maine provided secure learning management and intranet access to incarcerated students. Despite the challenges, higher education in prison has grown nationwide in recent years.

Studies show some benefits of these programs are a 43% reduction in recidivism and a 13% increase in post-release employment. Erwin emphasized the programs can be transformative for people.

"It's an opportunity to reenter society with just one more similarity to folks who have been on the outside all along," Erwin pointed out. "It helps to move past some of the stigma. It gives them a hook to put their hat on as they move forward in looking for jobs and telling the story about who they are."

Formerly incarcerated people reentering society face numerous obstacles. Programs such as SNAP and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families are proven to reduce recidivism by 10% but having a criminal background disqualifies someone's eligibility for both social programs and unemployment insurance.


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A new report shows Black girls are enduring disproportionate discipline, sexual harassment and public humiliation from school-based police and security guards in Miami-Dade public schools.

The report, "Keep Her Safe: Centering Black Girls in School Safety," compiles the experiences of Black girls and young women between the ages of 14 and 24, sharing their stories through surveys and focus groups about mistreatment by school safety personnel who make them feel unsafe.

Bayliss Fiddiman, director of educational equity at the National Women's Law Center, which produced the study along with the Southern Poverty Law Center, said the girls were being treated differently for their appearance, often unaware of the lines of sexual harassment.

"The girls express school security guards making inappropriate comments about their appearance that could range from. 'Oh, she looks ghetto,' or 'she's too big to wear that outfit. I would never let my daughter wear that,'" Fiddiman explained.

The report urged the school system to use proven behavioral interventions in such cases, rather than using policing, surveillance and harsh student punishment. Miami-Dade schools has not responded to a request for comment on the study.

Fiddiman pointed out in listening sessions, the girls also did not have a clear understanding of whom to tell if they felt violated. She argued it is an opportunity for school leaders to step in and explain school safety procedures by engaging students in the conversation.

"Schools can definitely implement policies around explaining what sexual harassment is, what boundaries are, what is safe and healthy," Fiddiman recommended. "That was missing."

The report underscored incidents of security using excessive force, such as a 16-year-old Black girl being slammed to the ground, rendering her unconscious and subsequently handcuffed to prevent a fight in 2021. In 2023, a Miami-Dade security guard faced allegations of attempting to seduce three teenage girls.

The Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Public Safety Act in response to the 2018 Parkland shooting aimed to bolster school safety. However, it also led to heightened law enforcement presence in schools and increased surveillance measures.


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Advocates for the rights of people with disabilities have joined the Montana Quality Education Association in a suit to stop a school voucher bill in the state.

Montana is the latest to enact a plan allowing parents to pay private school tuition with public money. Senate Bill 393 is much more narrowly focused than Educational Savings Accounts in other states. In Montana, the money is limited to reimbursing services for special-education students and those with disabilities.

Rylee Sommers-Flanagan, executive director of Helena-based Upper 7 Law which is overseeing the suit, said Montana's version of Educational Savings Accounts requires special-ed students to renounce their right to a free, quality education under the state constitution and forgo federal assistance.

"In exchange for renouncing that, they can gain access to anywhere between $5,000 and $8,000 annually," Sommers-Flanagan explained. "Which, as we all know, is not enough money to educate a child for a year under any circumstances, let alone a student who may have special needs and may have particularity expensive special needs depending on the circumstances."

School voucher measures are growing across the nation, 29 states now having some form of them. The suit to block the Montana bill was filed in state court in Helena.

In addition to the critics' standard argument which holds funding Educational Savings Accounts with state education money comes at the expense of public K-12 classrooms, Sommers-Flanagan added the accounts will not make enough money available to adequately fund special-needs students anyway.

"It's a lose-lose situation," Sommers-Flanagan contended. "It's incredibly harmful. It appears just to be a gambit to try to privatize public money and to send it to vendors and to folks who have no accountability and no responsibility to genuinely meet the needs of kids who have disabilities in Montana."

Supporters have said they can do a better job educating their own kids than the state can because they understand the students' strengths and weaknesses.