ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. - One of America's most endangered animals is the subject of a public hearing this week in Albuquerque. The Mexican gray wolf numbers only 75 individuals, all of them descendants of seven wild founders of a captive breeding program, and their recovery is hampered by a number of factors. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) has proposed to trap wolves that wander north of Interstate 40 or south of Interstate 10 and return them to a prescribed area.

Eva Sargent, director of Southwest Programs, Defenders of Wildlife, said in order for the lobo to survive and thrive, there must be two populations of wolves in addition to the current pack in the Blue Range reintroduction project. Dispersal is needed between the three, she explained, "so that occasionally, a wolf from Population A wanders its way up to Population B and infuses new genes. It's also a question of, 'Don't keep all your eggs in one basket.' It's dangerous to have all your endangered Mexican wolves in one small area, where they could be vulnerable to fire or disease, or any kind of catastrophe like that."

Sargent criticized the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service proposal, which she said obstructs the wolves' ability to move into suitable habitat by allowing any wolf that leaves the prescribed area to be trapped. The public hearing, and a protest of the proposal, are both coming up on Friday, Oct. 4, at Embassy Suites, 1000 Woodward Place NE, Albuquerque.

The Final Rule for the Reintroduction of the Mexican Gray Wolf needs to align with current science that says the wolf needs new populations, the ability to wander between them, and more animals released into the wild from captivity, Sargent said. She wants the rule changed to allow a wider release area.

"Right now, when they go to release Mexican wolves from captivity into the wild, they can only release them in one tiny little box in Arizona that's, I think, a sixteenth of the whole recovery area. That little box is getting full of wolves, and it's hard for new wolves to make their way out of that box and disperse into the rest of the recovery area."

She added that the wolves need something else: a new recovery plan.

"The so-called 'current' recovery plan was finished in 1982. 'TRON' was the top movie in 1982, and the Falklands War occurred in 1982 - it was actually quite a while ago," she said.

The Fish and Wildlife Service has been working on revising the Mexican Wolf Recovery Plan since 2010, with the final version scheduled to be approved and released in 2014. The deadline for public comment is Oct. 28.

The USFWS recovery plan is available at www.fws.gov.


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Today, Oregon conservation groups are headed to the state Capitol for "Wildlife Lobby Day."

The organizations, all part of the Oregon Wildlife Coalition, will meet legislators to advocate for four bills supporting science-based coexistence with wildlife.

Sristi Kamal, deputy director of the Western Environmental Law Center, highlighted the "1% For Wildlife" bill, which would raise the state Transient Lodging Tax by 1% up to 2.5%. Funds would help the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife implement the State Wildlife Action Plan to protect imperiled species and habitats.

Kamal pointed out the plan currently has no funding from the state.

"Even though we have a Democratic majority in our legislature this session, unfortunately, wildlife falls at the bottom of everyone's priority list," Kamal observed.

One bill would help landowners use nonlethal tools to share land with beavers. Another seeks about $1 million to fund four wildlife coexistence biologists, a public education campaign and a grant program for wildlife rehabilitation centers.

Along with supporting four bills, the coalition opposes two bills this session, both focused on carnivore management. One would reimburse ranchers up to five times the market value for livestock killed by wolves, despite Oregon already compensating the full market value.

Kamal noted research shows such payments do not increase tolerance and may have the opposite effect.

"We fear that this will actually increase intolerance for the species and lead to more actions like poaching of wolves," Kamal explained. "Which we are already seeing a significant uptick in the state."

Another bill opposed by the coalition would legalize using hounds to hunt cougars, an idea Kamal argued is inhumane and has already been voted down by Oregonians.

Kamal emphasized the coalition, along with the bills they support, aim to foster coexistence between wildlife and people. She stressed Oregon's policies need to reflect the vital role many species play in supporting ecosystems and humans through climate change and wildfires.


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Colorado lawmakers could add buffalo, also known as bison, to a long list of wildlife that have been restored to their natural habitat across the Centennial State. Senate Bill 25-053 would classify wild roaming buffalo as wildlife, to be managed by Colorado Parks and Wildlife the same as deer, elk, moose and other big game species.

Nick Gevoc, Northern Rockies campaign organizing strategist with the Sierra Club, says under current Colorado law, when members of wild buffalo herds from southeastern Utah cross a border they can't see, they are not protected.

"Just a handful, maybe four to six animals a year, are making their way into western Colorado. And those animals are being shot now," he explained. "And they can do that legally because they are not recognized as wildlife in the state of Colorado."

Colorado is seen as a leader in the Rocky Mountain region for restoring wildlife, most recently with the reintroduction of wolves, a move opposed by some cattle producers. Efforts to protect buffalo as wildlife in Montana have been strongly opposed by the livestock industry. Senate Bill 25-053 would protect existing free-range buffalo, and does not direct wildlife managers to bring more animals into Colorado.

Before they were hunted to near extinction in the late 19th century, between 30 million and 60 million buffalo roamed North America. In recent years, efforts by Tribal Nations to recover buffalo as a wildlife species have gained momentum. The keystone species provides food and habitat for birds, insects and small mammals, and increases biodiversity.

"They create little depressions that often store water. They selectively graze on the landscape differently than cattle, they hit some areas harder than others," Gevoc continued. "They tend to stay away from waterways. They bring tremendous ecological benefits to a shortgrass prairie."

Gevoc believes the measure will boost Colorado's economy as people come to the state for a chance to see buffalo, America's national mammal, in the wild.

"They are deeply important to Native American people, and they're a symbol of pride to the people of Colorado and all over the country. We recovered elk, deer, antelope, moose, all kinds of other species. But for some reason we left this one behind," he concluded.

A bill to exempt any Colorado livestock producer's personal information from the Colorado Open Records Act when they collect public dollars for livestock lost to wildlife is swiftly moving through the General Assembly.

Proponents said the law is necessary to prevent potential harassment and scrutiny over how ranchers are working to keep livestock safe from wolves.

Ryan Sedgeley, Southern Rockies field representative for the Endangered Species Coalition, said hiding the names of anyone who receives taxpayer money is not good policy.

"Senate Bill 38 invites the opportunity for fraud and abuse," Sedgeley contended. "Because when there is no accountability or transparency for who's receiving taxpayer money for damage, anybody can take advantage of that."

The measure has cleared the Senate. The House Ag, Livestock and Water Committee is scheduled to hear the bill today. Supporting the bill are 25 registered lobbyists representing livestock interests. The Center for Biological Diversity and Colorado Freedom of Information Coalition are lobbying in opposition.

Sedgeley pointed out most Coloradans support living alongside wolves and have doubled down on financial compensation for lost livestock, especially for family-scale producers. In addition to state and Colorado State University, Sedgeley noted new "Born to be Wild" license plates have already brought in $650,000.

"That directly goes to helping ranchers do this work," Sedgeley emphasized. "We also have a lot of nonprofit partners who are actually out in the field helping ranchers, getting them the materials and supplies they need. And there's a range-riding program that's been stood up."

Sedgeley added the actual threat wolves pose to livestock is very low.

"Less than 1% of cattle mortality is a result of wolves in places where there are actually significant amounts of wolves, like up in the Northern Rockies," Sedgeley observed. "And to put that in context, dogs kill about 11.3%; weather is responsible for 9.3%."