SALT LAKE CITY – Hate is a national phenomenon, but the way hate is directed varies depending on where you live, according to new research from the University of Utah.

A team of geographers mapped the patterns of active hate groups in more than 360 counties across the United States in 2014, and found that nationwide, less education, population change, ethnic diversity, poverty and conservative politics correlated with more hate groups.

But Richard Medina, assistant professor in the Department of Geography and the report's senior author, says the ways people hate are based on cultures, histories and other factors specific to different regions.

"If you look at the South, they have different racial issues, and areas along the border of the U.S. may focus on anti-immigrant issues," Medina explains. "So, you can start to see this whole map of hate that is really regionally specific."

Medina and his team focused on organized groups that target entire classes of people based on factors beyond their control - including ethnicity, gender, disability and sexual orientation.

According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, 2016 saw a near-high in the number of hate groups in the U.S.

Medina says while many people are facing uncertainty and change, those involved in hate groups believe their actions will help secure the future for the people they see as members of their tribe. He notes that fear can turn to hate – and in the worst case, violence.

"You know, the neo-Nazi, the national anti-immigrant hate, I think in a lot ways boils down to this fear of losing identity from what those people consider to be 'other' people," he observes.

Emily Nicolosi, a doctoral candidate who contributed to the study, says places that have a history of large-scale immigration, such as the East and West coasts, are more accepting of people with different backgrounds.

Nicolosi adds that, even in non-coastal regions, counties that experienced an influx of new people over a five-year period tended to have less hate.

"That goes to show that when people perhaps have a chance to interact with people who are different [from] them, that might contribute to more tolerance," she says.

The study was published in the Annals of the American Association of Geographers.




get more stories like this via email

A "Dreamer" running for the New Mexico Senate said a Biden administration plan to create pathways allowing Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals beneficiaries to more quickly gain legal status could encourage others to follow her lead.

Cindy Nava bested her primary opponent earlier this month to face Republican Audrey Trujillo in November for the state's Senate District 9 seat. Nava was the first DACA recipient to receive a presidential appointment as Senior Policy Advisor to the U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development.

Nava worked in the New Mexico Statehouse on behalf of Democratic lawmakers for a decade but could not get paid because she was undocumented. She eventually enrolled in the DACA program and became a U.S. citizen through marriage.

"I believe our families come from a place where we have always been afraid and my own parents tell me day to day," Nava pointed out. "But we learn to live with that fear and build resilience to work forward."

The 12-year-old DACA program provides protection from deportation and work authorization for undocumented young people who arrived as children and grew up in the U.S. The recent Biden initiative would allow those who have earned a college degree and received an offer of employment from a U.S. employer in a field related to their degree to more quickly receive work visas.

Born in Chihuahua, Mexico, Nava grew up in Albuquerque and Santa Fe. She noted the U.S. population is shifting and predicted soon, DACA recipients will be occupying seats in Congress. She believes they need a more stable pathway, requiring bipartisan cooperation at all levels of government.

"New Mexico's a great example of having leaders who have invested in opening opportunities for immigrants, from educational opportunities to driver's licenses for immigrants," Nava emphasized. "All of those things actually can be undertaken at a state level, and can be deeply meaningful."

There are currently about 600,000 DACA recipients across the country, with more than 75% in the workforce.


get more stories like this via email

June is National Immigrant Heritage Month, and advocates in Utah want to see a pathway to U.S. citizenship include easier access to public lands and waters for immigrants who take the Oath of Allegiance each year.

Olivia Juarez, public lands program director for the group GreenLatinos, one of the 68 organizations which sent a letter to federal land management agencies and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, calling for them to provide an America the Beautiful Pass to newly naturalized citizens as a "welcome gift."

Juarez pointed out advocates would also like agencies to consider barriers cashless entry to National Parks can have on unbanked individuals. Juarez contended those who complete the lengthy and at times complex naturalization process should be given an opportunity to connect with the lands they have a right to.

"There is the benefit, of course, like fomenting a population that cares about public lands and wants to make sure that they're healthy and here for future generations," Juarez explained. "But it also provides direct benefits in terms of public health."

Juarez stressed when people have access to clean, pristine natural recreation areas, they also tend to have better physical and mental health. GreenLatinos would also like to see cooperative efforts to host swearing-in ceremonies on public land recreation sites to cultivate deeper, more meaningful connections with the landscape.

Almost 9% of Utah's residents are foreign-born, according to the American Immigration Council. Juarez considers Utah to be one of the most welcoming states in the nation for immigrants and also called it home to some of the most famous national parks, like Arches and Canyonlands.

"When people end up in Utah because they're seeking asylum, they don't necessarily come here knowing that we have these amazing five national parks that are world-class and world renowned for their incredible environmental characteristics," Juarez observed.

Juarez added underrepresented communities of color, including immigrant communities and families, face many barriers when trying to access national parks and public lands -- such as distance, cost and lack of familiarity. They said more can and should be done to provide newly naturalized citizens with greater access to the best our country has to offer.

Michigan's government officials, immigration-reform groups and families affected by immigration policies, are celebrating President Joe Biden's recent executive action.

The order offers work permits and legal status to long-term immigrants, including those married to U.S. citizens under the conditions they have lived in the U.S. for at least 10 years and have no criminal record. The plan mirrors the Obama administration's Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals in 2012.

Michigan is home to about 90,000 undocumented immigrants.

Rep. Laurie Pohutsky, D-Livonia, spoke at a gathering supporting Biden's new policy.

"What the Biden administration did is consistent with the values of our country and as a state," Pohutsky contended. "It upholds the dignity and justice of our families. We can have greater security on the border and we can have compassion for those who've been in our communities and have families."

Those opposed to Biden's new immigration plan, particularly Republicans, said it invites people to break America's laws. The nation has approximately 500,000 unauthorized immigrants married to U.S. citizens.

Sen. Aric Nesbitt, R-Lawton, does not support the president's new immigration policy.

"In America, you don't reward people for breaking the law," Nesbitt asserted. "This new proposal does just that. Instead of focusing on strengthening our southern border, the Biden administration has decided to propose another amnesty plan for those who violated our nation's laws and our sovereignty."

Critics of the new policy also maintain it puts the safety of Americans at risk, especially those who live in border states. Supporters argued long-term undocumented immigrants have lived on average for 15 years in the U.S., working, paying taxes and raising American children, and they believe the president's new policy will help keep families together, boost the economy and grow the workforce.


get more stories like this via email