SEATTLE — For most cities in Washington state, cars are the number one source of greenhouse gas emissions. Could a change to the state's zoning policies get more Washingtonians out of them?

Margaret Morales is a senior researcher with Sightline Institute. She said most houses in the Evergreen State are single-family homes, and that's because cities put a lot of barriers in the way of residents who would open up their homes to more people.

She said cities could cut some of the red tape for accessory dwelling units - that is basement apartments, backyard cottages, or other small dwellings in homes - to make neighborhoods more dense, and thus more walkable; and argued the current single-family housing model leads to sprawl.

"Single-family zoning is like this mandate against walking. It's this mandate that kind of requires you to get in your car,” Morales said. “It's this outdated way of thinking about how cities and communities function."

Morales said more dense neighborhoods would attract more local businesses and necessities such as grocery stores. She said people would add more small residences to their homes if they could.

In Vancouver, British Columbia, about 1-in-3 single family homes has accessory dwelling units. In Seattle, it's about 1-in-100. Morales said these cities have similar housing markets, but restrictions for these units are much higher in Seattle.

Research shows there is more driving in urban areas with fewer homes per block, Morales said. Along with making cities more walkable, denser communities could also help build better transit systems.

Morales said there are many reasons why transit is a complicated issue, but ridership is key.

"One of the biggest reasons is that to make public transit viable, you need people to ride it, and that means people have to be able to get to it easily,” she said. “And the way we have our zoning code set up, we make it so that there are very few homes in walking distance of where you could put a bus line or a light rail line."

Morales noted that sprawling zoning policies in Washington cities were put in place at a time when cars were thought of as the future of transit. But with the specter of a warming climate, a change is needed to get more people out from behind the steering wheel.

More information, including Morales' report, is available at Sightline.org.


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Colorado is calling on solar energy entrepreneurs to put $156 million in Inflation Reduction Act funding to work accelerating rooftop and community-based solar installations, improving air quality, lowering energy bills and increasing energy independence.

Heidi Leathwood, climate policy analyst for the climate justice nonprofit 350 Colorado, said families living in apartments or those who cannot afford upfront expenses can connect to solar arrays built on top of parking lots and open spaces in other ways.

"If you're not able to put solar on your own rooftop, the community solar program will create large-scale solar gardens that you will be able to hook up to," Leathwood explained.

Solar garden subscribers can get significant discounts on their monthly electric bill. Developers creating the garden make money by selling energy to local utilities. Low-income residents can subscribe for free or at a steep discount. Firms interested in becoming a Solar for All program partner can connect through the Colorado Energy Office's website.

The program also offers low-interest loans and other incentives for income-qualified single and multifamily homes to install solar. Leathwood added the program could fuel lots of new, good-paying jobs.

"To do the solar installation, to help with building the distribution and the transmission, and maintaining these facilities, maintaining the solar panels," Leathwood outlined.

The $156 million should be in Colorado coffers by October. Leathwood pointed out if fully implemented, the program could help more residents contribute to meeting Colorado's goals of producing 100% clean energy by 2040.

"Solar and wind energy are the cheapest way in the long run to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions," Leathwood stressed. "But if businesses, individuals and local governments don't work together to make sure all of that money gets spent, then it won't have the impact that it could have."


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Forecasters are warning New Englanders to prepare for an "above-normal" number of hurricanes this summer.

Hurricane Beryl was already the strongest Atlantic hurricane on record for both June and July and brought damaging floods to the region last week.

Jhordanne Jones, climate scientist for the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, said a cooling La Niña phase in the Pacific combined with a record warm Atlantic are creating dangerous conditions.

"When you have these very clear signals within the environment, it's clear that we're going to get a highly active hurricane season," Jones pointed out. "We know that from history."

She is referring to the 2020 hurricane season, which generated a record 30 named storms. The National Hurricane Center predicts up to 25 named storms this season, with four to seven major hurricanes by the end of November.

Scientists said most of the global warming attributed to climate change is taking place in the ocean. Sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic have warmed to record levels since last spring and the Gulf of Maine is considered one of the fastest warming bodies of water on the planet.

Jones noted while hurricanes like Beryl may not take direct hits at New England states, the aftermath can be just as dangerous.

"The most intense storm doesn't always mean the most damage," Jones stressed. "It just needs to be the 'right storm' that dumps a lot of rain right over you and just will not dissipate in time."

Jones added storms can intensify even in unfavorable conditions as long as there is a warm ocean to fuel them and she encouraged people to be prepared.

Remnants of Hurricane Beryl washed away roads last week leaving people stranded in parts of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont, where two people were killed when their car became submerged in floodwaters.


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Clean air advocates are touting the benefits of electric vehicles in the wake of what they call "disinformation" from the U.S. petroleum industry.

The Environmental Defense Fund's advocacy partner EDF Action and representatives of public health and labor are talking with Pennsylvanians about the advantages of EVs in terms of price, performance and popularity, as well as public health and the environment.

David Kieve, president of EDF Action, said they're trying to arm people with the facts.

"If they're dealt a full set of facts, more and more Pennsylvania drivers will choose to make their next car an electric vehicle," Kieve contended. "It's our job to share those facts with folks, especially because there's so much misleading information out there."

Kieve said the American Petroleum Institute has funded an ad campaign "warning" consumers, without evidence, that the push to convert the U.S. to a "green economy" will force drivers to give up their internal combustion cars. Biden administration officials have called the claim false and misleading.

Kieve noted the cost of owning and operating an EV is decreasing and battery technology is becoming less expensive as well. The range for many EV models has also increased significantly. He added EV manufacturing in the U.S. has outpaced every other world region in recent years.

"More rapidly electrifying the vehicles that we choose to buy will help tremendously in cleaning our air and reducing greenhouse gas emission, which is driving climate change," Kieve argued. "And driving this heat wave we've been experiencing throughout the East Coast."

Edwin Hill, international business development representative for the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, said advances in battery technology are driving new sales.

"The batteries in the cars are improving tremendously," Hill emphasized. "They hold much more power, much more energy. And in turn, to charge those to that higher level of energy requires either more time or a higher charging rate."

The U.S. government and auto industry are investing billions of dollars in developing and manufacturing EVs, directly creating almost 200,000 new jobs.