NEW YORK – Varios grupos defensores de los derechos humanos de los discapacitados se reunieron en una demanda contra la Autoridad del Transporte Metropolitano (MTA, por sus siglas en inglés) por no cumplir su compromiso de hacer accesibles las estaciones del metro para sillas de ruedas, cuando son renovadas.

La demanda federal colectiva señala que el sistema de transporte subterráneo de Nueva York ha violado la ley al no hacer accesibles las estaciones a personas con sillas de ruedas. Fue presentada por el grupo Defensores de los Derechos de los Discapacitados (“Disability Rights Advocates”) –D.R.A. por sus siglas en inglés– a nombre de demandantes individuales y una coalición de grupos de discapacitados.

La Ley Americanos con Discapacidades (“American With Disabilities”, A.D.A.) exige que los sistemas de tránsito hagan accesibles las instalaciones más antiguas cuando se les efectúen renovaciones importantes. Pero según dice Emily Seelenfreund, abogada del grupo defensor D.R.A., casi 30 años después de que la A.D.A. se hizo ley, tres cuartas partes de las 472 estaciones del metro de la ciudad de Nueva York siguen siendo inaccesibles para personas con sillas de ruedas, para los adultos mayores, padres con carreolas y viajeros con equipaje.

“La M.T.A. ha ignorado abiertamente ese mandato y nada más sigue cerrando estación tras estación para mejorarla para la gente sin discapacidades, pero ignorando totalmente las necesidades de los pasajeros con impedimentos.”

Hace pocos meses la M.T.A. dijo que destinaría casi tres mil millones de dólares (“billion dollars”) para mejoras en la accesibilidad en un plan principal de cinco años a partir del 2020, contra sólo 248 millones que tuvo el plan del 2010.

Susan Dooha es Directora Ejecutiva del Centro por la Independencia de los Discapacitados New York (“Center for Independence of the Disabled New York”), que es la organización demandante. Destaca que, en el pasado, la M.T.A. emitió un reporte diciendo que haría accesibles muchas más estaciones, pero las promesas no bastan.

“El plan es sólo tan bueno como sus promotores sean para llevarlo a cabo, y en este punto creemos que necesitamos un acuerdo común.”

Destaca que la M.T.A. sigue trabajando para cumplir con sus obligaciones, bajo el acuerdo judicial de 1994 llamado 'Acuerdo de las Estaciones Clave.'

En marzo de este año la orden de una corte para renovar una estación del subterráneo en el Bronx detonó una solicitud bajo la A.D.A. para instalar elevadores, lo cual no se hizo. Seelenfreund dice que la nueva demanda busca construir a partir de esa sentencia.

“Nuestra demanda toma esa demanda y pide a las cortes federales que se aplique ampliamente a todas las estaciones en las que la M.T.A. ignoró a sus clientes con discapacidades, por ejemplo en la estación Middleton Road.”

La demanda busca una orden exigiendo que la MTA instale elevadores y otros medios de acceso sin escaleras, en todas las estaciones renovadas.

World Hepatitis Day is this Sunday, and for the Oregon Health Authority, it's an opportunity to promote its plan to eliminate hepatitis across the state.

Released in March, the plan includes major goals and strategies to limit the spread of hepatitis A, B and C over the next six years. It's gotten new attention after 2,400 patients in Oregon hospitals were potentially exposed to hepatitis and HIV earlier this month.

Concerns are high, but epidemiologist Dr. Dean Sidelinger, Oregon's state health officer, said people should be aware of the threats of hepatitis, but not anxious.

"In day-to-day times, people should feel safe and confident in going to the doctor," he said. "The risk of exposure to these viruses is extremely low in most cases."

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver, and contagious viruses are among the causes. Sidelinger said he's confident Oregon has the technology and resources to fully eliminate the threat.

While many people may have heard of hepatitis, they may not fully understand how prevalent it is in their communities. According to OHA data, the proportion of chronic hepatitis C cases among people in their 20s tripled between 2010 and 2019.

Sidelinger said there's a good chance most Oregonians know someone who is affected by chronic hepatitis.

"It can seem out of the blue to be talking about hepatitis and [a] hepatitis awareness day, but this is a disease that affects many individuals," he said. "But the good news is, everyone can take steps to protect themselves."

The OHA says you can help prevent the spread of hepatitis by washing hands and fresh produce, staying current on vaccinations, avoiding sharing needles, and getting tested regularly. These tips and more are part of the state's plan to eliminate hepatitis by 2030.


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CoveredCA announced Wednesday that the average premium for plans on the marketplace will rise 7.9% in 2025, but subsidies are expected to blunt the impact and even lower costs for many consumers.

The Biden-Harris administration's Inflation Reduction Act caps premiums at 8.5% of income for many, and goes even further for those with low incomes.

Rachel Linn Gish, director of communications for the nonprofit Health Access California, said the state has put the federal funds to good use.

"Because of this financial help," she said, "California has been able to take even further steps to lower costs for many CoveredCA enrollees by eliminating deductibles and reducing copays for many health services such as doctors' visits, lab work, generic drugs."

However, the enhanced premium subsidies in the IRA will expire next year, sending costs soaring unless Congress extends them. If not, Gish said, she expects premiums to rise 60% to 80%, costing thousands more per year. Opponents of the extension have cited the need to limit federal spending.

Gish said if the federal premium help ends, people could start seeing much higher deductibles.

"Without the federal assistance, California stands to lose $1.7 billion in assistance, which the state can only backfill a fraction of," she said, "which means consumers could again see deductibles of $5,000 or more."

Other big changes are on the way. Starting Nov. 1, about 40,000 income-eligible DACA recipients in California will be able to apply for premium subsidies through Covered California.

Connecticut insurance companies are requesting rate increases. Companies want a more than 8% increase for individuals and an almost 12% increase for small groups. However, insurance costs are already problematic for residents. A 2022 survey shows 46% of people delayed important medical care due to coverage costs.

Liz Dupont-Diehl, associate director of the Connecticut Citizen Action Group, said unaffordable insurance is all too common.

"It is an unfortunate American right of passage to spend hours a week appealing claims denials, or dealing with rising copays, and surprise costs. Even those of us lucky enough to think we have good coverage are continually surprised by hings that are not covered," she said.

Of the legislative solutions lawmakers can take, polls show voters across party lines support the government setting limits on out-of-pocket medical care costs for people with insurance.

Connecticut's Insurance Department will host an informational meeting for people to share their experiences and hear testimony. It will be held from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. on August 20 at the Legislative Office Building in Hartford and over Zoom.

One way Connecticut's General Assembly can better regulate insurance companies is by increasing transparency surrounding pharmacy benefit managers. A recent Federal Trade Commission report finds the six largest pharmacy benefit managers manage 95% of the country's prescriptions.

Dupont-Diehl said this can help people better understand why certain claims get denied.

"We would be interested in knowing exactly which claims are denied based on ZIP code, based on race and ethnicity, based on age, based on gender," she continued.

She notes that much of what needs to be done to fix health care can be done at the federal level, although states can take the lead. Part of Connecticut's 2023 budget calls for the state's Insurance Department to work with the Office of Health Strategy to study ways to make care more affordable.