LITTLE ROCK, Ark. -- State lawmakers are considering legislation that would require landlords to provide and maintain safe, habitable housing, and would also overhaul the state's eviction procedures for the one-third of Arkansas residents who are renters.
The measure, House Bill 1563, was introduced by Rep. Jimmy Gazaway, R-Paragould.
Lynn Foster, professor emerita at the University of Arkansas William H. Bowen School of Law, said Arkansas is the only state in the nation lacking implied warranty of habitability laws, meaning tenants have little recourse when it comes to housing issues that affect their health and safety.
"Renting houses is a business, just like making food for grocery stores or selling cars," Foster explained. "And government regulates those businesses, and what we're asking for here is just a minimal regulation of rental housing."
One 2017 study linked housing complaints to the prevalence of respiratory-related illnesses and increased hospital admissions among Little Rock residents.
The proposed bill would require landlords to install smoke alarms and carbon monoxide detectors, working plumbing and heating, and control mold growth, among other measures.
Despite the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's eviction moratorium, it's estimated thousands of eviction cases have been filed statewide since the start of the pandemic.
Foster noted the bill also would help streamline eviction procedures.
"Right now we have a strange patchwork quilt of three different eviction procedures that are used," Foster confirmed. "Only one is used in all parts of the state, and it is more expensive and can take much more time."
She pointed out in 2007, state lawmakers enacted what she said are a series of pro-landlord provisions.
"So what this bill actually does is, it fills in those gaps, and makes our very unbalanced law much more balanced and fair," Foster concluded.
Foster added statewide organizations, including AARP, Arkansas Renters United, and Americans for Prosperity have voiced their support for the legislation.
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Nebraska is among the states with the sharpest increases in housing prices between 2021 and 2024, according to a new report.
The hike has been accompanied by dramatically higher homeowners' insurance premiums.
Only four states saw home prices spike more dramatically than in Nebraska in the three-year period - three of them in the West. More expensive homes bring higher insurance costs.
The Consumer Federation of America's Director of Housing Sharon Cornelissen said it's often not the cost of the house, but the cost of insuring it that keeps some potential home buyers out of the market.
"Our insurance crisis is increasingly also a housing crisis, right?" said Cornelissen. "These are not separate. We know for example that first-time homebuyers already struggle to afford a mortgage today, and with spiking insurance costs, many may feel that they can never own a home."
The housing price hike and increase in insurance costs come despite Nebraska having among the lowest costs of living in the nation.
The CFA report shows Nebraskans have seen a 35% increase in homeowners' insurance prices in the three-year period.
While many people are trying to qualify for a mortgage, the Federation's Director of Insurance Doug Heller said insurance companies are making it increasingly difficult for buyers by hiking premiums - and denying coverage based on "perceived risk."
"The crisis is also a reflection of some brazen bullying we have seen from insurance companies around the country," said Heller, "as they put customers that have paid premiums for decades on the chopping block, and turn their back on communities that have relied on them for generations."
The report says insurance companies claim they're still trying to recover from $11 billion in losses caused by damaging derecho winds that leveled parts of Nebraska and other Midwest states in 2020.
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It is estimated more than 2,600 people live on the streets across Arkansas.
Since taking office, President Donald Trump has proposed a "treatment first" plan, which includes moving unhoused people into camps.
Neil Sealy, senior organizer for Arkansas Community Organizations, said the proposal does not address the root cause of homelessness.
"There are a lot of homeless people who have addiction problems and they need help, but they also need to have a safe place to live," Sealy pointed out. "Putting them in an internment camp is outrageous and it's punitive and it needs to be stopped."
Sealy noted Arkansas has been in a housing crisis since the 1980s and additional cuts to the Department of Housing and Urban Development will make things worse. The number of unhoused people increased 6% between 2022 and 2023.
The president has not made a formal announcement about his homelessness plans but cuts have been made to programs supporting efforts to help unsheltered people across the country. During his campaign, Trump said unhoused people would be moved into tent cities and required to undergo mental health or drug treatment. Sealy emphasized not everyone who lives on the streets needs such services.
"That is not the only cause of homelessness," Sealy underscored. "There are all kinds of situations in life that -- when your money is gone -- and when you're now going to cut subsidized housing and you're not going to build more housing, but if they find you on the streets you're going to stay in a tent."
The president said the administration will work with people who are down on their luck to reintegrate them into a normal life. He added those refusing treatment would be jailed.
Sealy contended with fewer federal dollars, the Arkansas economy will worsen and lawmakers need to hear from their constituents.
"Call their House of Representatives, their Congressman or woman, or their Senator and keep calling," Sealy urged. "Then seek out organizations like ours who are building a resistance. We just have to push back hard."
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Housing that's both affordable and ready to rent is out of reach for many Hoosiers.
The 2025 Indiana Housing Profile says for every 100 low-income households, only 38 affordable rental homes are available.
And Indiana saw almost 5,000 eviction filings in the last month, according to the nonprofit Eviction Lab at Princeton University, which tracks eviction trends nationwide.
Amy Nelson, executive director of the Fair Housing Center of Central Indiana, advised tenants facing eviction to reach out for help from a knowledgeable source.
"For those who may be experiencing an eviction or eviction filing, we always recommend that you get legal advice so that you can ensure that you are protecting your rights," said Nelson. "Those lawyers could also help you in negotiating with your landlord, or understanding if the action being taken against you may be unlawful or not."
A full-time worker in Indiana must earn an hourly wage of $22 to afford the average fair market rent of $1,200 for a two-bedroom home.
When rent and utilities are factored in, a household needs to earn almost $46,000 to pay the average rent without spending more than 30% of their income.
The federal Fair Housing Act, signed into law in 1968, protects renters and home buyers from discriminatory practices in lending, insurance, and zoning.
Twenty years later, protections were expanded to include discrimination based on disability or familial status, or having kids under 18.
But in February, the Trump administration started cutting grant funding to groups that enforce fair housing laws. Nelson said discrimination is real - and may be very blatant.
"You are told that you won't be rented to because you have children or because you're Latino, or because you need an accommodation for a disability," said Nelson. "But very often, it's much more subtle than that. We always tell people to trust that internal voice if something doesn't feel right, and report it to the Fair Housing Center."
Indiana landlords filed more than 73,000 evictions last year.
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