This Earth Month, Michigan leaders took the opportunity to release a new roadmap for a carbon-neutral state economy by 2050.
In addition to highlighting state agencies' plans to power state-owned buildings and facilities with renewables, reduce energy usage, electrify vehicles and offer more recycling services, the plan calls for action from local governments, businesses and institutions, communities and individual households.
Sean McBrearty, Michigan legislative and policy director for Clean Water Action, said the most recent report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change makes a clear case there is no time to waste.
"The impacts we're already going to see from climate change are extreme," McBrearty asserted. "To avoid the absolute worst impacts of climate change, we need to decarbonize now. "
McBrearty is also campaign coordinator for the coalition Oil and Water Don't Mix, which advocates for shutting down the Line 5 dual pipelines running through the Straits of Mackinac. Enbridge Energy has said there is currently no alternative to deliver the energy Line 5 transports, and it would take significant energy to build infrastructure to do so.
McBrearty countered experts have testified before the Michigan Public Service Commission, pointing out a plan to build a tunnel around the pipeline would add 27 million metric tons of carbon pollution to Michigan's output, which is not in line with the state's overall goals set out in the Michigan Healthy Climate roadmap.
"It makes no sense when we're trying to address the climate crisis to spend any amount of time building an oil tunnel underneath the Great Lakes that's going to add the equivalent of 10 coal-fired power plants to the carbon load already in Michigan," McBrearty contended.
The roadmap also emphasized environmental-justice principles and highlights the need to increase electric-vehicle adoption, improve public transit, make buildings and homes more energy efficient, protect land and water as well as drive innovation and clean-energy jobs.
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Several environmental groups concerned about increased offshore drilling have a filed a lawsuit against the Trump administration.
The suit challenges an order by the president to revoke former President Joe Biden's withdrawal of areas of the ocean from future oil and gas leasing. Another related suit wants the court to reinstate a federal ruling that invalidated an attempt by the first Trump administration to undo Obama-era offshore protections.
Christian Wagley, coastal organizer for the advocacy coalition Healthy Gulf, said the suits will not affect current oil and gas drilling in Texas.
"The vast majority of the offshore drilling in the United States takes place in the central and western gulf," Wagley pointed out. "That's Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas, and they would not be affected by any of this."
He added if drilling is expanded, it could destroy the ecosystem along the coast.
Devorah Ancel, Environmental Law Program senior attorney for the Sierra Club, which is a plaintiff in one of the lawsuits, said Biden's actions acknowledged the harm expanded drilling could cause in coastal communities and argued President Donald Trump's actions are illegal.
"We are challenging that based on statutory grounds as well as constitutional grounds," Ancel outlined. "The president has violated the property clause of the Constitution, which gives Congress the exclusive authority to regulate federal lands and waters."
Trump said boosting fossil-fuel production is essential to meeting energy demand and maintaining U.S. leadership in global energy markets, but Ancel countered claims the protections would disturb U.S. energy security are untrue.
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A 1,086-acre property in Putnam County has been secured as part of the ongoing effort to protect the Ocala to Osceola Wildlife Corridor, a critical pathway for Florida's wildlife.
Located east of Gainesville and midway between Orlando and Jacksonville, the newly protected land will provide vital habitat for species such as the Florida black bear and help maintain the ecological connectivity essential for their survival.
The O2O initiative, a partnership of public agencies and private organizations, aims to conserve 100 miles of natural and working lands forming a crucial link in the Florida Wildlife Corridor.
Lauren Day, Florida director for The Conservation Fund, pointed out the importance of conservation.
"The Florida Wildlife Corridor is critical for so many reasons," Day outlined. "It's protecting habitat for wide-ranging animals like the Florida panther and Florida black bear, especially in the northern part of the state. Even more than that, it's really about protecting our water, our way of life. It's just a really exciting effort."
Day noted Florida's rapid development heightened the urgency of protecting the corridor, which threatens to fragment habitats and cut off wildlife migration routes. According to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, the state loses an estimated 100,000 acres of natural land to development each year, putting immense pressure on conservation efforts.
The property will be transferred to the state later this year for permanent conservation under the Florida Forever Program, a state-funded initiative to preserve Florida's natural lands. However, advocates like Day warned more funding and political will are needed to protect the corridor and ensure its viability.
"It's very urgent," Day stressed. "Florida is still one of the fastest growing states in the country, I should say, so, you just have to look around and you can see that things are changing quickly here, so the time to protect this land is now."
Advocates pointed to wildlife data, which show the corridor allows wide-ranging species to roam freely, ensuring genetic diversity and protecting ecosystems to support both wildlife and human communities.
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A bill which could approve the injection of large amounts of carbon emissions or industrial carbon dioxide into underground Ohio wells is raising concern.
Currently, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency makes carbon storage decisions but if House Bill 358, pending in Columbus, becomes law, companies would be allowed to capture carbon emissions from industrial facilities and bury them underground.
Tom Torres, hydrogen program director for the Ohio River Valley Institute, said U.S. regulators and developers have very little hands-on practical operational experience with the technology.
"This is largely untested," Torres emphasized. "It's an immensely complex kind of operation that is taking place in a very poorly understood geology, and particularly a geology that is also peppered with holes from the oil and gas industry."
In 2020, a CO2 pipeline in Satartia, Mississippi, ruptured, causing 200 residents to evacuate and hospitalizing 45 people. Another fear is carbon injection companies may obtain underground pore space -- empty space between particles of soil, sand, rock and sediment -- without a landowner's consent. According to the site NationalGrid.com, carbon capture storage removes CO2 emissions, which could help address climate change.
Under the newly amended bill, liability for cleanup, disaster response and repair costs would fall to taxpayers.
Randi Pokladnik, an environmental scientist and activist, sees a lack of experience and knowledge in maintaining CO2 transport and injection wells on the part of Ohio regulators, which she called dangerous.
"I think the biggest issue for me, being a scientist, is the fact that the legislatures will only listen to what the oil and gas industry tells them," Pokladnik stressed. "They do not have the science background to be making decisions like this."
Critics said injection wells are not maintained properly and pressurized carbon could affect groundwater supplies businesses and homes depend on.
Carol, Jefferson and Harrison counties are targeted for the storage wells by a Texas-based company, Tenaska. Under the measure, companies would receive extensive tax credits for storing CO2.
More than a dozen organizations signed a letter calling on state legislators to require carbon capture and storage for ARCH2/hydrogen projects.
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