Several environmental groups have filed a lawsuit to keep Virginia in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative.

In June, Virginia's Air Pollution Control Board voted to remove the state from the initiative, for which Gov. Glenn Youngkin and Republicans in the General Assembly have striven.

The lawsuit alleges the board did not have the authority to remove Virginia since lawmakers voted to put the state in the initiative in 2020. Activists rallied across the state on Monday to keep Virginia in.

Nate Benforado, senior attorney at the Southern Environmental Law Center, said legislation like the Virginia Clean Economy Act could fill some of the gaps withdrawal from the initiative would leave.

"The way I view the Virginia Clean Economy Act is it's more about incentivizing utility investments to decarbonize power production," Benforado asserted. "Incentivizing energy efficiency programs that allow customers to use less electricity, and do the exact same things they were doing before."

While the Clean Economy Act puts the state on the path to climate friendliness, Benforado noted the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative is the only program tied directly to carbon emissions. While the regulation has been repealed, all of Virginia's obligations under the agreement are still in place, for the time being. If the lawsuit does not keep the state in the program, the obligations will expire Dec. 31.

The state received mixed reaction from residents during a public comment period, though a majority wanted to remain in the initiative. Though the state set forth a series of strategic climate goals like reducing fossil fuels, Benforado noted the governor's energy plan goes against them.

"That stands in stark contrast to a program like RGGI," Benforado contended. "It stands in stark contrast to our clean energy statutory requirements. Our utilities, Dominion and Appalachian Power, are required to be carbon free by 2045 and 2050, respectively."

An Acadia Center report found initiative auctions generated more than $523 million for Virginia, since March 2021, a yearly average of around $262 million. The funds have supported state level flood resilience efforts and funding low-income energy efficiency programs.

Appalachian communities in Kentucky are poised to become manufacturing hubs for the wind energy industry, experts say.

The region's workforce, accessible transportation routes, and stash of coal ash deposits -- which contain rare earth metals needed for turbine production -- all point to a role for Appalachia in the industry's supply chain.

Larry Holloway, professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Kentucky, said wind energy is a quickly growing industry in America. He pointed out more than 11% of all power produced in the U.S. comes from wind turbines and the number grows by 2% each year.

"Wind is pretty inexpensive," Holloway explained. "It depends in part on where in the country you are, how much wind you have and so forth, but it is one of the lowest cost energy sources. And in 2024, several months in a row, wind outproduced coal nationally."

According to federal data, the American wind energy industry currently supports more than 120,000 jobs and the number of wind turbine technicians is expected to grow by 60% over the next decade.

Critics have argued wind power comes with expensive production and maintenance costs, and long-term environmental impacts.

Mike Shields, senior economist for ReImagine Appalachia, said to help with the transition to wind-based power, decommissioned coal power plants could be repurposed as manufacturing facilities for parts used in wind turbines.

"We know that wind turbines are major infrastructure and there are a lot of working parts in those," Shields emphasized. "How our communities can participate in that supply chain is really the key thing that we want to take a look at."

While it remains unclear how tariffs will affect the nation's ability to develop more wind turbine parts, Holloway stressed U.S. based manufacturing is strong.

"There are a number of final assembly lines and parts that are already made in the U.S.," Holloway underscored. "We may, in fact, see even more demand in that area coming in the future as well."

According to a 2024 Pew Research Center survey, 33% of Americans think a wind turbine farm would positively affect their local economy, while 9% said wind turbines would hurt it. Another 27% said installing a wind turbine farm would make no difference.

Minnesota is considered a national leader for community solar opportunities but a successful state program expanding solar access would end in the next few years if a bill is signed into law.

Minnesota launched its Community Solar Garden program in 2013, allowing people to link up to a shared array of Xcel Energy solar panels and receive credits on their energy bills.

Sen. Nick Frentz, DFL-North Mankato, supports a bill to end the initiative in 2028. He said he still wants the state to use more renewable energy but feels continuing the program does not make economic sense.

"Given Minnesota's commitment to 100% clean energy by 2040, we want clean energy technologies to compete on price and reliability," Frentz explained.

Frentz pointed out the Community Solar program still relies on above-market rates, despite the decreasing cost of solar power. He added the program is partially paid for by utility customers who do not subscribe to it. Two years ago, the state modified the program to address underlying issues and opponents of the bill want more time for the changes to work. They worry about reducing solar access for renters and lower-income households.

Patty O'Keefe, Midwest regional director for the advocacy group Vote Solar, cited state data at a recent hearing showing the Community Solar Program provides nearly $3 billion in net benefits to the whole state. She added Minnesotans already pay for energy they may not use.

"The reality is that utilities routinely socialize the costs of power plants, transmission lines and grid upgrades, whether or not every customer benefits," O'Keefe emphasized. "Yet, when it comes to community solar, the same cost sharing principles are framed as a problem."

O'Keefe noted Minnesotans who use community solar panels see their monthly energy bills drop by 3% to 8% on average. Bill supporters argued the state could better serve these households by steering them to options at competitive market prices. The bill has bipartisan support but faces stronger opposition among Democrats.


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A bill would effectively delay implementation of clean car and truck programs in Maryland, but electric-vehicle manufacturers and health groups are urging lawmakers to reject the measure.

House Bill 1556 would put programs on hold that would require 43% of 2027 model year vehicles sold to be electric.

That percentage would gradually increase to 100% by 2035, and the clean-truck program would ultimately reach 75%.

The legislation would lift penalties for missed goals until 2029, but keep sales percentages the same.

Ryan Gallentine, managing director of Advanced Energy United, said the legislation is a test for Maryland lawmakers as President Donald Trump seeks to roll back vehicle standards.

"This bill hands a free talking point to the Trump administration," said Gallentine, "who will point to leaders in blue state Maryland, who pass this bill as backtracking on EVs - and is more evidence that blue-state leadership is feckless on this."

The sponsor of the bill has previously said a lack of charging infrastructure and the end of federal EV tax credits are reasons to put the programs on pause.

Clean-vehicle standards similar to the Maryland bill have been passed in more than a dozen other states.

Trisha Dello Iocano, head of policy with CALSTART -- a clean-transportation technology group -- said the legislation would negatively impact the health of Marylanders.

"They protect Marylanders from toxic airborne chemicals," said Iocano, "vehicle exhausts that are known to cause cancer, harm lung health and impact the cognitive development of young children. "

Clean-vehicle industry leaders have voiced concern that the legislation would bring uncertainty into the electric-vehicle market.




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