With the next Farm Bill stalled in Congress and rising food insecurity in Tennessee, advocacy groups say there's a pressing need to address a hurdle faced by lower-income working families.

About 750,000 Tennesseans receive Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits. More would be eligible, if the state would implement a policy known as Broad-Based Categorical Eligibility.

Signe Anderson, senior director of nutrition advocacy at the Tennessee Justice Center, said it would allow the state to automatically qualify households for food assistance if they already receive other types of help - like childcare or housing assistance.

"The way that Broad Based Categorical Eligibility works is, you know, a mom could take the raise and not lose all of her benefits," said Anderson. "Instead, the benefits get tapered down instead of maybe getting a $50 a month raise, which throws you above the poverty line."

Tennessee is one of only eight states that doesn't use this method to help qualify lower-income households for food assistance.

According to the latest census data, more than 13% of Tennesseeans live in poverty. Anderson said other states that have implemented the broad-based policy have not experienced significant changes, either in SNAP caseload or costs to the state.

"For Tennesseans, it would help families that fall between 131% and 150% of the poverty line," she added. "In Tennessee, I think, based on some data from 2019, that could help anywhere from 7,000 to over 10,000 families."

Anderson said it's important to collaborate with Gov. Bill Lee and Department of Human Services Commissioner Clarence Carter to address food insecurity and expand outreach.

A webinar today at 11 a.m. explores SNAP's impact and related issues in Tennessee. It is co-sponsored by the Tennessee Justice Center, Second Harvest Food Bank and the Martha O'Bryan Center.

A New Mexico food bank has expanded outreach to the state's Indigenous communities by hiring a Director of Tribal Relations.

Candice Griego will help Roadrunner Food Bank collaborate more closely with tribal communities to better identify food insecurity and find culturally responsive solutions that respect their needs.

New Mexico is one of the most rural states in the country, and Griego said tribal community members must often travel 50 miles or more to get groceries.

"A lot of these tribal communities are located in rural areas," said Griego, "where they're in food deserts, where there's not necessarily a lot of grocery stores. That's experienced a lot on the Navajo Reservation."

Griego, whose background is primarily in healthcare, is enrolled as a Zia Pueblo tribal member. She said the food bank already has started seven new food distributions on the Navajo Nation.

Griego said she hopes to gain a better understanding of which tribes need monthly or bimonthly food distributions from Roadrunner and provide them with culturally appropriate foods when possible.

She said that requires regular outreach to tribal leaders and communities.

"They feel comfortable in connecting with me and asking me for certain food products," said Griego. "So, just building that relationship and having that comfort level, and them knowing they can reach out to me."

Native Americans make up nearly 11% of the New Mexico population. In addition to the Navajo Reservation, the state is home to 23 Indian tribes, 19 Pueblos, and three Apache tribes.

The food bank anticipates hosting a tribal community focused event in early November during Native American Heritage Month.

The baby boomer generation is getting older and the ability to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular access to nutritious meals, can present some challenges.

American Health Rankings reports nearly 14% of Illinoisans aged 60 and above were food insecure in the last 12 months.

In 2023, Illinois Gov. J.B. Pritzker signed the Illinois Grocery Initiative into law to offer incentives for grocers to open shop in neighborhoods with food deserts.

Christiana Williams, a registered dietitian, explained the lack of food access is also affected or caused by psychological and mobility factors.

"Many of them are living alone and/or can't drive anymore," Williams observed. "There's that potential of them feeling lonely or isolated, which can really impact their motivation to want to actually go out and choose healthy options. From that mental aspect, it can be super frustrating to lose that sense of independence, that they can't just go out on their own like they are used to."

Arthritis in the hands, difficulties with chewing or a lack of having all of their teeth, Williams noted, are additional barriers, which can prevent achieving a balanced diet. She pointed out standing for long periods to prep and cook meals can also create more limitations.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Illinoisans aged 65 and older comprise 11% of the state's population. Although they may have the best intentions and strive to eat balanced meals, extra help may be needed.

Williams explained speaking with professionals trained in menu planning is an excellent option.

"Many supermarkets have dietitians on staff. Many private practice dietitians take Medicaid and insurance," Williams outlined. "It's really all about making sure family members and friends can actually be aware that these resources are out there and connecting those resources with the seniors in their life."

Williams acknowledged many seniors have limited incomes which influence their food purchases and the misconception exists healthy food is more expensive. She advises following basic nutrition guidelines, knowing specific nutritional needs and using a little strategy for grocery and meal planning.


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The U.S. Department of Agriculture announced a widespread recall of Boar's Head deli meats for contamination of listeria earlier this year.

The latest outbreak has led to almost 60 hospitalizations and 10 deaths, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Jose Brandao, assistant professor of food sciences at Utah State University, said the United States has "strong" food-safety policy but lacks proper implementation.

"That means that sanitation needs to be done properly and consistently," Brandao explained. "Especially with listeria, it's a bacteria that forms biofilms. Basically a protective cape that is going to make it a lot harder to clean that bacteria once the biofilm is formed."

Brandao noted bacteria capable of forming biofilms are involved in most bacterial infections, including foodborne diseases but added poor sanitation is often the root cause. Another part of the equation is testing. Documents from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service in 2023 show significant testing cuts were made and it has prompted some to call for more federal oversight and ensure more aggressive inspections.

Brandao stressed he wants to see a better "food safety culture" and argued it does not come from stronger regulation but rather is fostered in facilities.

"You can have the best managers but if your employees don't see the importance in food safety, you are not going to have food safety," Brandao contended. "Just simple stuff like cleaning your hands, cleaning and sanitizing the food-contact surface, are incredibly important."

He acknowledged employees could also care about food safety but lack the appropriate tools and resources from management.

Following reports of mold, insects, dripping water and animal residue dating back at least two years, Boar's Head decided to shut down its plant in Virginia which has been tied to the deadly outbreak. Brandao emphasized such events have immediate and long-lasting impacts.

"We are speaking about the livelihood of people, a company," Brandao pointed out. "We are speaking about an industry that is going to be affected; production levels are going to go down, sales are going to go down, public trust is going to be eroded."

Brandao asserted there are many gaps in research he argued need to be filled, saying more support in scientific research will help reduce the amount of food-safety outbreaks each year.


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