Roughly 35% of Nebraska's electricity is produced from renewable sources and advocates of clean energy development are concerned about the changes a bill in the Unicameral would bring about.
Legislative Bill 399 would require privately developed wind and solar projects to be approved by the Nebraska Power Review Board, reversing changes the Legislature made in 2016. The Power Review Board oversees investments by the state's public power utilities.
David Corbin, PhD, professor emeritus of public health at the University of Nebraska-Omaha and Energy Committee chair for the Nebraska Chapter of the Sierra Club, said the bill adds another level of approval to the "many levels" currently in place. Even more concerning to him is the way it would change who has the authority to approve or reject a renewable-energy project.
"It would put some authority to unelected people over elected people," Corbin pointed out. "So, for example, OPPD (the Omaha Public Power District) and NPPD (the Nebraska Public Power District) elect their boards, and the Power Review Board is appointed by the governor."
Corbin noted the bill was voted out of the Natural Resources Committee despite "overwhelming public opposition." Supporters of the measure include Nebraskans who believe wind and solar projects harm property values, ecosystems and even residents' health. Research shows the negative effects of renewable energy are negligible when compared with those of fossil fuels.
Josh Moenning, director of New Power Nebraska and Mayor of Norfolk, calls the bill "exactly the wrong policy at exactly the wrong time." He pointed out many of the state's new companies and industries are demanding their energy come from "clean" sources, a demand he believes is reasonable.
"Because we are in the top five in wind-energy potential in the country and top 15 in solar-energy potential," Moenning stressed. "We also have major export opportunities but bills like this will essentially handicap and prevent us from realizing that full potential."
Norfolk has the largest solar facility in the state, which Moenning said has brought about a 15% to 20% reduction in monthly electric bills.
Moenning emphasized the state has seen $6 billion dollars of investment in clean energy since 2016, and he added he finds support of this bill by conservative members of the Unicameral a bit surprising.
"What this bill does is take away local control and add more government intervention into a legal business activity," Moenning contended. "I thought most conservatives wanted to promote free-market activity and take away layers of unnecessary government bureaucracy."
LB 399 was introduced by Sen. Tom Brewer, R-Gordon, and is the priority bill of Sen. Bruce Bostelman, R-Brainard.
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A recent report revealed the Shell petrochemical plant in Beaver County has failed to deliver the promised economic benefits since its announcement more than a decade ago.
New findings from the Ohio River Valley Institute showed the plastics plant has not brought and economic boom, and promised jobs have not materialized.
Eric de Place, research fellow for the Ohio River Valley Institute, said Beaver County's economy has performed worse than Pennsylvania as a whole, as well as the nation and even its own past benchmarks.
"Its economic performance is actually declining over time," de Place reported. "Since Shell announced that plant, what's happened is they've lost population, they've lost GDP, they've lost jobs, they've lost businesses."
De Place pointed out local residents were promised an economic renaissance with thousands of jobs and increased tax revenue when Shell built its petrochemical plant, leading Pennsylvania to give the company $1.6 billion in subsidies. He stressed it is important for community members to demand accountability and question why Shell continues to receive taxpayer support.
Shell contends its complex has created nearly 500 jobs. De Place countered Beaver County saw a short-term boost during the Shell plant's construction, with thousands of workers on-site. But since operations began, the promised economic gains have not happened.
"Clearly in the data, Shell is employing a few hundred people at the plant now. Those are real jobs, but what we're looking at is the net effect," de Place explained. "Sure, you add a few hundred jobs in one place but what happens to the rest of the economy during that time? And what happens is, it's actually declining."
De Place noted the plant produces tiny plastic pellets called nurdles, which are the building blocks for many plastic products, including disposable items such as grocery bags. Essentially, it transforms fracked gas into the raw material for plastics.
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Environmentalists said a bill passed by the U.S. House of Representatives meant to curtail forest fires in New Mexico and elsewhere will do no such thing, and are encouraging Senators to vote against it.
The "Fix Our Forests Act" would reform the National Environmental Policy Act. The 55-year-old law requires environmental reviews and public input for major federal actions such as new logging, which supporters argued could mitigate wildfire risks.
Dan Ritzman, lands, water and wildlife director of the Our Wild America campaign for the Sierra Club, believes the deceptively-named bill would undermine environmental protections.
"The Sierra Club has long supported science-based, responsible forest management," Ritzman pointed out. "We echo the experts who support prescribed burns, responsible forest management, and we support home and community hardening to make neighborhoods and cities more resilient in the face of fires."
New Mexico's largest utility company recently warned customers in several fire-risk areas, including Santa Fe, high wind events often increase in the spring, and reminded residents to be prepared for potential power shut-offs to ensure power lines are not a source of wildfires.
Sen. Ed Markey, D-Mass., said to combat climate change, the U.S. needs more renewable energy including solar, wind and battery storage technology. Instead, he noted the focus is on DEI, the acronym for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion.
"They keep invoking DEI but we know that DEI to Donald Trump just means 'Defending Elon's Interests,'"Markey contended. "It's just such an incredible power and money grab."
President Donald Trump has repeatedly called climate change a "hoax" and recently suggested he might end the Federal Emergency Management Agency's role in responding to local climate disasters. Many state leaders already have said they do not have the resources to tackle such events on their own.
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Rural communities in the U.S. remain at the center of debate about the growing presence of large livestock operations.
South Dakota lawmakers are considering boosting fees that help regulate these sites.
A bill making its way through the Legislature would update the fee structure for concentrated animal feeding operations, or CAFOs. These fees have stayed the same since the late 1990s.
State agricultural leaders say as CAFOs expand, increasing permit revenue would help address gaps in paying for the oversight program.
Angela Ehlers, executive director of the South Dakota Association of Conservation Districts, said funds are greatly needed for technical assistance.
"Are the soils capable of handling the amount of fertilizer being applied?" asked Ehlers. "Is it being applied in the proper manner? So, it's that type of technical assistance. And if we're gonna provide a program, we need to provide the staff to carry it out properly."
The measure comes amid proposed budget cuts for the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources.
Ehlers said without this program, regulatory work might have to shift back to a regional federal office. Some farm lobbyists say they don't like fee hikes but recognize the need.
CAFOs have become a sore subject in smaller communities, as residents push back over air and water pollution issues.
The tension surrounding CAFOs mostly involves operations with big animal herds. But Ehlers said they also need to regulate smaller sites, which can sometimes avoid regulation.
"One could have 50 head of cattle. Those cattle are standing in the creek all summer long, doing what cows do naturally," said Ehlers. "And smaller CAFOs need the permit fee so that they can guarantee they're not polluting a very special stream that may be the water source for the town just down the road."
South Dakota's secretary of agriculture says there are now nearly 430 CAFOs permitted within the state.
The bill, which has cleared the House and now awaits Senate action, saw a compromise added to ease concerns from farming interests.
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