In Tennessee and across the country, Black women who are school superintendents are tackling the challenges faced by students from marginalized communities, particularly their social and emotional well-being.

The most recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reveal more than four in 10 students reported feeling "persistently down or hopeless."

Adrienne Battle, director and superintendent of Metro Nashville Public Schools, will be part of a virtual event today on this topic. At "Superintendents of Color Leading with Excellence," she will discuss ways to meet students' social, emotional and academic needs with initiatives like their "navigators" program, connecting students to resources and wraparound services.

"We assign every student in our district to a navigator and/or really, a caring adult who checks in with them on a frequent basis," Battle explained. "To make sure that they do have an advocate and that they have someone that they can talk to if there's a need."

Battle added the district has also invested heavily in mental health and social-emotional learning support by increasing the number of psychologists, social workers and other specialists in the schools.

Battle pointed out she grew up in the Metro Nashville school system and credited her decision to become an educator to the inspiring women who nurtured her as a student. She noted fewer women of color are in superintendent positions.

"As a classroom teacher, we know that over 70% of classroom teachers are women," Battle emphasized. "We know that there is a lower percentage of those classroom teachers who are Black women. We know that national data that less than 30% of superintendents are female, and even fewer are Black superintendents."

In the virtual event, Battle will also share information about Advocacy Centers established at elementary schools, and Peace Centers at middle and high schools. The centers focus on de-escalation techniques and restorative practices to foster a positive school environment.


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Researchers at the University of Michigan have found that Black students attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Predominantly Black Institutions experience better mental-health outcomes compared with their peers at other institutions, but challenges remain.

The university's "Healthy Minds Network" surveyed college mental health, in partnership with UCLA, Wayne State and Boston University.

Akilah Patterson, a doctoral candidate at the University of Michigan's School of Public Health, led the research and said the study involved 16 HBCUs and two PBIs, with more than 2,500 students participating.

"About 45% of them are flourishing mentally," she said. "Most notably, we saw that 83% of HBCU and PBI students reported having a sense of belonging in their campus community, compared to about 73% nationally."

However, the data also reveals significant challenges. More than half of the students report that their financial situation is "always" or "often" stressful, and 78% of those facing financial hardships are also dealing with mental-health issues.

In light of these challenges, the study recommends that colleges and universities address unmet mental-health needs, alleviate financial stress, expand on-campus mental-health resources and strengthen student-faculty connections.

Patterson said she hopes the report also underscores the importance of fostering a strong sense of belonging on campus and the crucial role HBCUs play in students' lives.

"HBCUs have a very long tradition of being centers of excellence and academic achievement," she said, "but this work also highlights that there are some mental-health challenges that do need to be addressed on those campuses so students can very much thrive academically."

As of 2023, HBCUs enrolled approximately 293,000 students. While originally established to serve Black students, as of 2015, non-Black students constitute about 22% of enrollment, up from 15% in 1976.


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Diagnoses of mental health conditions in children and teens are on the rise, including in Indiana. But getting kids the help they need can be a challenge.

About one-third of Indiana high school students reported "experiencing poor mental health, most of the time" in a 2023 survey.

But Jeff Reiter - a psychologist with Whole Team, a group that provides technical assistance to primary care clinics - said many parents have trouble accessing both medication and talk therapy for their kids.

He said he thinks what is most needed is more support for primary care providers - which is where mental health problems often are first identified.

"So they're getting those medications from a primary care provider," said Reiter, "a pediatrician, a family medicine, family doctor or something like that. And these are providers who don't have a lot of time in their visits, maybe 15 minutes. They're not specialists - they don't get a ton of training in how to work with psychiatric issues in kids."

Reiter advocated for placing mental health professionals in primary care clinics, to make them more easily accessible to patients and their parents.

He said he also supports what's known as parent management training as a non-medication option for youth with mental health concerns.

Advancements in mental health treatment programs and medications have been helpful. However, these services can be out of reach for a patient with limited or no insurance coverage.

Reiter said he agrees the traditional psychotherapy treatment model can be costly - a factor he said he sees as part of the access problem. But he maintained there's a more relevant issue.

"The point is, there are much more flexible and accessible ways that mental health professionals can practice," said Reiter, "and that's really what we need to be encouraging if we're going to have any chance of reaching more kids."

A study published in 2023 found in Indiana, in one recent year, untreated mental illness was associated with more than $4 billion a year in costs to society.





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Nebraska mental health professionals worry the Trump administration's proposed $880 billion in Medicaid funding cuts would threaten progress the state has made in providing help to those who need it.

The reductions could have a dramatic impact on the 345,000 Nebraskans who rely on Medicaid as their only source of health insurance.

Aileen Brady, president and CEO of Omaha-based Community Alliance, said Nebraska has had recent success in getting higher Medicaid reimbursement rates for providers, and has expanded services.

She added that cuts would hurt people who need help the most - those struggling with mental health problems, people with disabilities, and kids.

"Nearly half of Medicaid enrollees in Nebraska are under the age of 20," said Brady, "and I think people need to understand that impact it'll have on our children in Nebraska - and that means our future in Nebraska."

A recent survey by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says at least 50% of American adults will need treatment for a mental health issue during their lifetime.

Brady said such steep cuts at the federal level would require dramatic cuts in services to Nebraskans, especially when considering the degree to which the state relies on the federal money.

"Fifty-eight percent of every dollar is a federal dollar, 42% of those dollars are state dollars," said Brady. "If those cuts would come into play, that $880 billion over a period of time, that's going to create a fundamental shift in how services are delivered - the shift of cost to the states - or it's going to result in a significant cut."

The Trump administration is following through on a campaign promise to cut federal spending across the board.