A Legislature-backed Commission on Poverty in Massachusetts aims to address the state's historic wealth gap.
The commission will study demographic disparities and existing programs to reduce poverty over the next decade, and has been holding public hearings to gather feedback.
State Sen. Sal DiDomenico - D-Everett - said Massachusetts has the highest median wage for workers in the nation, but one of the greatest gaps between wealthy and low-income individuals.
"So we know we have much work to be done in this commission," said DiDomenico, "to bring more equity to the table when it comes to residents across the Commonwealth."
DiDomenico said it's unacceptable that roughly 70,000 Massachusetts children live in what's considered "deep poverty" - or 50% below the federal poverty level.
He said efforts to undo those numbers should be a top legislative priority.
Sixty years after the launch of President Lyndon Johnson's "War on Poverty," community action agencies in Massachusetts say data reveal which policies are most effective.
Expanded tax credits and stimulus payments were shown to help cut childhood poverty in half during the pandemic, and efforts continue to grow guaranteed basic income programs.
Laura Meisenhelter is board president of the Massachusetts Association for Community Action (MASSCAP), a coalition of more than twenty community action agencies.
She said they're responding to local needs while working for systemic change.
"We confirmed," said Meisenhelter, "both large and small changes to public policy and programs and practices can have an enormous impact."
Meisenhelter said agency staff visit clients at nursing homes, aid parents in buying Christmas gifts, and help ensure that people's basic needs such as food, clothing and diapers are met.
She said that need is increasing as the poverty line set decades ago has not kept pace with the increasing standard of living.
The Commission on Poverty's next public hearing will take place later this year in the Fall River and New Bedford area.
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Some Missouri nonprofit groups have teamed up to help those in need in the rural southeastern part of the state.
Many households in these communities struggle to pay their electric bills, as poverty rates are 10% higher than the state average. The local electric utility provider has been criticized for not doing more to help alleviate the financial burden. In response, Renew Missouri is partnering with churches and other nonprofits to help people get signed up for state and federal energy assistance programs.
Jessica Polk Sentell, eastern director for Renew Missouri, works with the Ministerial Alliance at its food banks.
"I have been there with some literature and educational materials," Polk Sentell explained. "To help bring some education and some visibility and some outreach, to these programs that help people pay their energy bills."
She pointed out Renew Missouri's mission is to advance renewable energy and energy efficiency in the state. To be eligible for assistance, you must be a Missouri resident, a U.S. citizen or legal permanent resident. You must have no more than $3,000 in bank or retirement accounts, or investments and meet the income guidelines for your household size.
Brian Abbott, pastor of Trinity United Methodist Church in Piedmont, also serves as president of the local Ministerial Alliance. He said there are many people coming in for help and while they do their best with food banks and food trucks, it is a growing challenge.
"We don't have the resources, coming out of COVID and a lot of other things that have gone on in the last five years or so in the economy," Abbott emphasized. "It's really left a gap there for us, you know. We're telling a lot of people, 'We understand you may have a shut-off notice, but we just don't have the funds to help with that.'"
The Renew Missouri initiative is also bringing relief to under-resourced Community Action Agencies, which often struggle to connect households with resources to help pay their energy bills.
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The City of Little Rock is part of a national grant program designed to improve the financial status of Black communities.
The Cities for Financial Empowerment Fund's CityStart initiative works with local governments to create programs to help families become more financially stable.
James Owen, policy adviser and special project manager for the mayor's office, said they are being advised by Bloomberg Philanthropies' Greenwood Initiative, which has a mission to address systemic underinvestment in Black communities.
"This CityStart grant is an opportunity for us to mitigate and improve upon some of the policy failures of the past that have really led to some disparity when it comes to wealth and income in different parts of Little Rock," Owen explained.
Grant recipients receive $75,000 to address the issues. Other cities winning grants included Chicago, Philadelphia, Indianapolis and Buffalo.
This is the third grant the City of Little Rock has received from the Cities for Financial Empowerment Fund. All of them have addressed financial and wealth disparities. Owen noted the funding will allow them to hear from the people.
"We don't necessarily think that us sitting up at City Hall, that we have the answers," Owen acknowledged. "We want to hear from the residents, what are their financial pain points? And so we want to do that heavy community engagement work and talk to our residents so that we can address those directly."
Forty municipal governments have participated in the CityStart program in the past. Owen added Little Rock will study what other cities have done to see if similar programs might work there.
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Wisconsin is among the states where guaranteed-income programs have been tested.
A new report says, despite controversy, similar efforts are useful in helping struggling households land on firmer financial ground.
The city of Madison gained attention for a program that ran from 2022 to 2023, where eligible households received $500 in monthly payments.
Elsewhere in the U.S, the nonprofit Up-Together has helped cities facilitate payments that come with no strings attached.
The group's Director of Media Relations Rachel Barnhart said last year, they helped 26.000 families access $18 million in unrestricted cash. Based on their outreach, all of it was spent on basic necessities.
"Like housing, food, utilities, transportation, child care," said Barnhart.
She said respondents note the assistance has improved their mental well-being, while allowing some to enroll their kids in after-school activities.
There has been pushback, with skeptics arguing these programs discourage people from working.
Even though Madison's effort was privately funded, Republican lawmakers in Wisconsin sought to prohibit taxpayer funding of these initiatives. The bill was vetoed.
Barnhart said in addition to their own surveys, her group is working with researchers to convey the effectiveness of this aid amid some of the resistance.
She said a key example from Texas shows how important the payments are during an escalating housing crisis.
"What the Urban Institute found in Austin," said Barnhart, "was a majority of the cash payments was spent on housing, and we saw an increase in housing stability. "
She suggested a growing patchwork of these payments would serve as a shield against evictions as tenants struggle with skyrocketing rents.
There are longstanding forms of cash assistance, like the federal Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program.
But those come with more requirements, and Barnhart argued there's an uneven approach among states to distribute the aid to recipients.
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