Vice President Kamala Harris has reignited enthusiasm among voters this election season, but polls show not everyone is ready for a woman president.
More than 50% of respondents to a recent YouGov poll believe a woman can serve as commander in chief - that's down from more than 60% in 2015.
Still, University of New Hampshire Professor Emerita of History Ellen Fitzpatrick and author of "The Highest Glass Ceiling: Women's Quest for the American Presidency," said Harris is boosted by voters' concerns about the state of democracy and a younger generation looking for change.
"And in that context," said Fitzpatrick, "the gender question seems to be not very salient to me."
Fitzpatrick said women often have to work harder than men to prove they're qualified for a job. More than 30% of Democrats surveyed said Harris needed a man as her running mate.
Fitzpatrick noted that Harris' campaign would not be possible without the women trailblazers who came before her, including former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Senator Margaret Chase Smith of Maine, and Congresswoman Shirley Chisholm of New York - the first African American woman to seek a presidential nomination in 1972.
Fitzpatrick said Chisholm foresaw early on the coalition of working-class people, women, and minorities who've coalesced behind Harris today.
"It was her central insight," said Fitzpatrick, "that younger voters and all of these other groups might provide the basis for the election of the nation's first woman president."
Still, Fitzpatrick noted there will always be some voters opposed to a woman leading the White House, and who believe women are incapable of making decisions related to war and peace.
A Pew Research Center poll finds only one-in-four U.S. adults believe it's extremely or very likely that the U.S. will elect a woman president in their lifetime.
Support for this reporting was provided by the Carnegie Corporation of New York.
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A new poll out this week shows nearly half of Wisconsin voters stopped talking about politics with someone because of disagreements over the presidential race.
Forty-six percent of voters in the latest Marquette Law School Poll said personal interactions were halted by differences of opinion about the candidates. That sentiment is higher than during the past two election cycles.
Voter Jane Gamez, from suburban Milwaukee, suggested there's a disrespectful tone that starts with the campaigns and then trickles down to voters themselves.
"I think that we jump to conclusions too soon on both sides," she said, "that we're not willing to discuss."
Gamez, a conservative who plans to vote for Donald Trump this fall, said her mind can be changed when there's a thoughtful approach to civic engagement. In the race for the White House, the Marquette poll showed Kamala Harris leading Trump by four percentage points. The head-to-head matchup results are consistent with the school's early September poll.
The survery also indicated there's a lot of enthusiasm among Wisconsin voters. Elsewhere in the Midwest, Sheronda Orridge of Minneapolis said she'll be voting for Harris in November. She said she isn't a big fan of politics, but her concerns about Trump are enough to motivate her to support the Democratic ticket.
"It's closer to my vision than what I see for Donald Trump," she said, "because he [doesn't] see people. He just sees himself."
Orridge suggested that preserving democracy is a major priority as she looks ahead to the election, and she views voting as a duty for people who are serious about enacting the political change they believe in.
Support for this reporting was provided by the Carnegie Corporation of New York.
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By Marilyn Odendahl for The Indiana Citizen.
Broadcast version by Joe Ulery for Indiana News Service reporting for the Indiana Citizen-Free Press Indiana-Public News Service Collaboration.
Indiana Secretary of State Diego Morales' claim that more than 90% of eligible Hoosiers are registered to vote in the November election is being questioned by voter advocacy groups.
In a press release issued last week, Morales said that more than 4.7 million Hoosiers - 90.7% of those eligible - are registered to vote. He also touted his administration's work to promote voter registration by having "blanketed the state with voter registration efforts" and encouraged eligible Hoosiers to register.
However, nonprofit voter advocacy organizations say the true number of eligible voters in Indiana who are registered is much lower.
"That number is inflated because the state does a horrible job of routine (voter) list maintenance," Julie Vaughn, executive director of Common Cause Indiana, said. "It's hard to say what the number is because we don't know how much of that (on the voter rolls) are bad names, are people who have moved who should have been deleted."
The 2023 Indiana Civic Health Index surveyed Hoosiers and found 66.5% of them were registered to vote in 2022, ranking Indiana 40th in the country. Moreover, the index pointed to an analysis by the Tufts University Center for Information and Research on Civil Learning and Engagement for the 2022 midterm election that put Indiana sixth from the bottom in getting 18- to 24-year-olds registered to vote.
Also, the Civic Health Index stated secretary of state's January 2024 report of registered voters is an "over-statement" because the voter rolls contain individuals who have died, moved out-of-state or relocated within the state and did not have their name deleted in their old precinct.
Lindsey Eaton, spokeswoman for the secretary of state, disputed the contention that the registration percentage number is incorrect.
"We would not agree with that assessment that the figure is inflated," Eaton said in an email.
The day the press release was issued, Indiana's voter rolls included both active and inactive voters, according to Eaton. Inactive voters can still cast a ballot if they "verbally confirm the address on their registration," she said, although she did not specify whether the inactive voters would need to provide confirmation by the registration deadline or could do so after.
To calculate the percentage of eligible Hoosiers registered, the secretary of state divided the current number of voter registrations in Indiana, 4.78 million, by the state's 2023 eligible voting population from the U.S. Census, 5.27 million, Eaton said. The result is 90.7%.
"As the close of voter registration for the upcoming General Election approaches, the (secretary of state's) office wanted to point out the positive trend in voter registration and interest in the election," Eaton said in an email. "Robust voter registration activity is ongoing and the actual figures are changing every day."
Cleaning the voter rolls
Kelly Klevitsky, Indianapolis team leader for the national nonpartisan civic engagement nonprofit, HeadCount, has trouble believing more than 90% of Indiana's voters are registered. The number seems "quite high," she said, based on what she has seen this year through her voting promotion work and on the state's history of low voter registration and turnout stats.
''It's great to hear that it's 90%," Klevitsky said. "It's just quite a jump from the numbers in the past that I've been made aware of."
During the 2020 presidential election, 69.3% of Hoosiers were registered to vote and 61.0% voted, according to the 2023 Civic Health Index. Those numbers put Indiana among the bottom of all states for registration and turnout, 39th and 46th place, respectively.
To determine the true number of registered voters, Vaughn said, Indiana must clean the "dead weight" from its voter registration lists. However, she cautioned, the process for removing names from the rolls must be done legally.
Two times in recent years, Indiana has been sued for attempting to purge its registration lists using what Vaughn described as "second-hand information."
In 2018, the federal courts ruled the state was violating the National Voter Registration Act by employing a faulty matching system to identify voters who potentially were registered in more than one state and then removing those voters from the rolls without notifying them.
The Indiana General Assembly had required officials to use the Interstate Voter Registration Crosscheck Program to spot voters who possibly had multiple registrations. According to court documents, Crosscheck was very unreliable with one study by researchers from Stanford, Harvard, the University of Pennsylvania and Microsoft finding the system incorrectly flagged names as possible double voters more than 99% of the time.
In response to the court's ruling, the Indiana legislature amended the law in 2020 to replace Crosscheck with the Indiana Data Enhancement Association. The result, federal courts found, was "continued inconsistency with the NVRA."
"The state needs to get into the routine of doing this regularly," Vaughn said of cleaning the voter rolls, "but they've sort of passed on the responsibility to counties and counties just have other things that they want to spend money on and voter list maintenance doesn't seem to be high on their list of priorities."
According to Eaton, the state has spent the last decade cleaning the voter rolls.
"Over the past 10 years, the state of Indiana has been conducting a bi-annual voter list maintenance program to identify duplicate and obsolete registrations on the rolls (voters moved, died, etc.) and initiate the federally approved process to deactivate those registrations," Eaton said. "Removing a duplicate or obsolete voter registration does not equate to make an actual voter ineligible to vote in an election."
Excitement brewing for Election Day
Klevitsky and her team will have worked 50 different concerts and community events, primarily in Indianapolis, between Jan. 1 and Nov. 5. The HeadCount crew attends festivals and music performances where they offer to help attendees register to vote or check their voter registration status.
Once the Oct. 7 registration deadline passes, Klevitsky said HeadCount will pivot to helping people get prepared to vote. The organization will help Hoosiers find their polling places, learn where to go for information on the candidates and tell them the last day they can request a mail-in ballot.
Klevitsky said she and her team have been busier than in previous years. Many people are happy to see the HeadCount volunteers at concerts and other events, she said, and they seem to be more motivated to vote. The individuals who are not interested in the election, she said, will be more likely roused by having conversations with friends and family, rather than speaking to a stranger about voting.
For those who are uncertain about whether they want to vote, Klevitsky encourages them to at least get their names on the voter rolls.
"What I always like to remind folks is if you're not registered, you can't vote," Klevitsky said. "So, if you change your mind after the deadline to register and decide you do want to vote, you kind of missed your chance, so you might as well leave all your options open and make sure you're registered. So, you can use those last 30 days between registration and the actual election to continue to make your decisions and make up your mind."
To register to vote
Hoosiers who are U.S. citizens and will be 18 years or older on Nov. 5 can register to vote - or check their voter registration - by visiting the Indiana secretary of state's voter portal.
Marilyn Odendahl wrote this article for The Indiana Citizen.
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As Michigan voters prepare for the upcoming presidential election, state officials are urging them not to lose sight of vital local races, especially school boards in rural communities.
Down-ballot candidates play a crucial role in shaping the future of education and the overall direction of their communities. Statistics reveal rural Michigan school board elections are usually uncontested, with incumbents winning more than 80% of the time.
Trina Tocco, director of the Michigan Education Justice Coalition, said there are a number of competitive school board elections across the entire state.
"Maybe there's two seats and there might be three people running, or maybe there's a couple of full-term seats and then there's some partial-term seats," Tocco outlined. "Similarly to what we've seen with schoolteachers, which there's a lot of turnover."
Tocco pointed out voters can learn more about candidates by attending forums. A map of forum locations, provided by the Michigan Education Justice Coalition, helps residents find events in their local districts.
Candidate information is also available through Michigan Voter Information Center, which provides sample ballots, and the Michigan chapter of the League of Women Voters which offers voter guides.
Tocco noted her organization has collected candidate questionnaire responses, shedding light on how the hopefuls plan to tackle critical issues, such as how money is allocated within a district.
"We have actually requested all candidates across the state to go to our website and they complete a form," Tocco explained. "They tell us, what do they think about what's important around curriculum, around racial equity in our schools, mental health in our schools."
Tocco encouraged voters to tap into their local networks for insights on candidates. She added the best information sometimes comes from neighbors and fellow voters who know who is running and what they stand for.
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