The Association for the Study of African American Life and History is bringing its "Freedom Schools" initiative to Florida as part of a national effort to counter legislative efforts restricting the teaching of major historical topics.

With a rolling schedule, six chapters across the state are gearing up to offer classes focused on African American history.

W. Marvin Dulaney, president of the association, emphasized the significance of the classes.

"We're teaching freedom," Dulaney explained. "We're preparing people to challenge the legislation by these 22 states that are trying to restrict the teaching of slavery, the teaching of the civil rights movement."

Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis defends the state's crackdown on how race is taught in schools, when education officials rejected an African American studies course from being implemented earlier this year. Classes start in September in Jacksonville, with Tampa, Manasota and St. Petersburg expected to follow.

Inspired by the 1964 Freedom Summer in Mississippi, the Freedom Schools series aims to empower students by teaching eight key areas of African American history, including slavery, the civil rights movement and the Harlem Renaissance. Dulaney argued such topics should already be taught in schools.

"We're going to look at African history, slavery, we will look at the American Revolution, Civil War Reconstruction, race relations in this country in the early 20th century," Dulaney outlined. "We'll look at the Harlem Renaissance, the Black Arts movement, and of course, obviously, we'll do the civil rights movement."

Dulaney hopes educators will adopt the curriculum in classrooms across the state to ensure a comprehensive understanding of African American history, particularly in the face of ongoing educational restrictions. Interested individuals can check their local Association for the Study of African American Life and History chapter websites for start dates and details on the Florida courses.


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The Sage Creek Community Club is 100 years old this year and is one stop on a tour this weekend of similar buildings in the region.

The small, white clapboard structure east of Cody, Wyoming, is an unassuming building tucked in sage brush just off U.S. Highway 14, with a lot of history. In a rural area populated by farmers, the club was a vital hub for community events; often dinners in the basement and country dances upstairs, featuring a live band on the stage.

Cheryl Darling has been part of the club since she moved her family to the area in 1971.

"There's two beautiful historic drops that roll down as curtains for the stage," Darling noted. "One of them is of a landscape scene painted by one of the early, early members. And then the other one is early advertising of the whole Cody country."

The club is the first stop on a driving tour this Saturday of four Bighorn Basin community halls. Halls like these were constructed in the 1920s and '30s, sometimes via Depression-era programs like the Works Progress Administration or the Civilian Conservation Corps.

Darling pointed out the club made the Wyoming Historic Registry last year and is currently in the process of getting on the National Register of Historic Places.

"People can go and see what the history was of these different buildings and how they got started," Darling explained. "It just falls back to the preservation of our traditions and our historical values."

Official historic designations provide funding for continued upkeep so the structure can be used for more modern community events, too, like graduation parties, weddings and 4-H Club events.


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Visit a Wisconsin farmers market, and chances are there are products grown by Hmong producers. But like other agricultural groups, the population is aging and outreach specialists hope younger Hmong farmers get the support they need to succeed.

Wisconsin has the third-largest Hmong population in the U.S., according to data from the University of Wisconsin. Only 2% are officially employed in agriculture but researchers suspect the number is underreported.

Yimmuaj Yang, community director for the Groundswell Conservancy, senses a changing of the guard with older Hmong producers nearing retirement. Some of their adult children express interest in taking over but have not been as vocal. She added their mindset is different from their parents.

"Older Hmong farmers, farming is therapeutic for them," Yang explained. "They're making a little bit of money, but also, farming and gardening makes them happy. The difference is that these younger farmers, they want farming to be financially sustainable."

She noted aspiring producers are also bilingual and multicultural, allowing support organizations to adjust their outreach. Yang acknowledged land access is a major challenge for emerging Hmong farmers and her group is working with partners like the Michael Fields Agricultural Institute to create funding solutions to address this problem.

Yang would also like to see policy adjustments dealing with how long a farmer can rent land. There is a new federal program helping with land access but Yang said more support is needed. She feels giving younger Hmong farmers peace of mind might inspire them to further explore what they grow and sell.

"Unlike Minnesota and the Twin Cities, where there's a big concentration of Hmong consumers; in Wisconsin, the Hmong community is, sort of, scattered throughout the state," Yang pointed out.

It means farmers have to focus more on marketing mainstream fruits and vegetables to non-Hmong customers. Yang suggested if groups like hers get more bandwidth to boost technical support, the next generation of Hmong producers will be in a better position to grow culturally specific food.

Events are scheduled this month to inform more people about Minnesota's new law eliminating the need for proof of legal residence to get a driver's license. Advocates for Latino immigrants see some positives, along with a few hiccups to sort out.

Last fall, Minnesota launched its Driver's Licenses for All initiative, with supporters saying it would make roadways safer while removing transportation burdens for undocumented individuals.

Eduardo Peñasco, lead organizer for Communities Organizing Latino Power and Action, said in general, the policy change is still embraced by the populations he works with.

"People are happy about this and (are) making an effort to try to apply and go through the process so they can get their license," Peñasco observed.

At first, the group found many Spanish-speaking applicants were not passing the written exam, in part through not accessing valid information in the driver's manual. In partnering with the Department of Public Safety, it has been hosting orientations to help people prepare. The organization noted written exam passage rates are improving but there is concern some people are discouraged by early obstacles.

The Department of Vehicle Services has upcoming dates listed on its website for various outreach related to the program. The events are all in the Twin Cities, and the group hopes to beef up its informational approach elsewhere in Minnesota.

Peñasco indicated they want Latino communities to feel reassured about the option and recapture the enthusiasm seen when the initiative kicked off.

"It has been kind of a slowdown a little bit but still somewhat in demand," Peñasco pointed out. "Taking the first step is always the difficult part."

After focusing on helping with those first steps, Peñasco added the next challenge is the skills test behind the wheel. Staffing issues have led to delays in scheduling. Community partners also point out driving schools, prompted by a failed test, can be costly with information in English only. Peñasco feels the state is making a sincere effort to reduce headaches as all parties try to adjust.