The U.S. Justice Department has issued a ruling against a Livingston, Montana, landlord for discriminating against a tenant. The consent decree requires the defendant to complete training on discrimination in housing and awards the complainant $25,000.

A tenant of a Livingston apartment complex alleged Yellowstone Apartments landlord Dana Christian discriminated against her after the tenant asked Christian to stop making advances toward her daughter who was visiting her mother from Russia. The complaint alleged Christian made life increasingly difficult for the tenant after the complaint, even though she had lived there for years with no issues. The Justice Department ordered Christian to pay $25,000 to compensate her for moving costs, time and emotional hardship.

Pam Bean, executive director of the nonprofit Montana Fair Housing, said the ruling sets a precedent for equal housing opportunity.

"When issues arise such as did with this complainant, there's an avenue to address those, hopefully prior to the filing of complaints," Bean explained.

The federal court ruling also requires Christian to undergo training on what constitutes housing discrimination and post Montana's fair housing guidelines on the properties he manages.

Bean called the ruling a win for renters across Montana, who sometimes feel like they do not have the power to fight landlord discrimination cases for fear of the same type of retribution laid out in the Christian case.

"Providing housing providers the message that this behavior is intolerable and is illegal," Bean added.

Christian has not responded to requests for comment.

From July, 2023 to July, 2024, Nebraska landlords filed more than 10,000 eviction cases. That's compared with an average of around 8,400 filings per year between 2012 and 2019. Legal Aid of Nebraska's Housing Justice Project represents hundreds of Nebraskans facing eviction each year, and a new $50,000 grant from the United Way of the Midlands will help with this work.

Scott Mertz, Housing Justice Project Director, said the shortage of quality affordable housing makes it a bit of a "seller's market," contributing to the rise in evictions.

"People are not shy about just going right to eviction court when they have tenants that they want to just get rid of. It's relatively easy; it's relatively quick," he explained. "That's also something we'd like to push back against - make it a little more difficult, make it a little more time-consuming, so that people aren't just going right to the eviction."

Mertz pointed out that even when an eviction filing in Nebraska ends without a court judgment, it will show up on a person's background check. This can impact their housing and even employment options for years to come. In 2023, 60% of eviction filings nationwide were against women, with Black women disproportionately represented.

A "clean-slate" bill which would have "sealed" eviction filings when cases were dismissed or vacated was unsuccessful in the recent Unicameral session. Mertz says the potential long-term harm an eviction filing can cause keeps a percentage of the people they see from pursuing their rights in court.

"They talk to us and say, "Well, I got this notice; I don't agree with it." We think there's a case here; there's evidence. We're more than happy to present it. But they leave anyway because it's scary - having a day in court and having your name in a case that's never going to go away, " he continued.

Mertz said the United Way grant will help toward their goal of doing more "affirmative litigation," that is, addressing issues before they reach a court filing.

"Quality of housing, conditions, safety concerns, discriminatory practices in renting or terminating housing. These are all things that happen all the time, and we can only do so much with the resources and the amount of attorney hours that we have, " he explained.

He encourages anyone concerned they face a risk of losing their housing to call or go online to find out what their rights and options are. And he stresses that things move very fast from eviction notice to court date.

Michigan has seen a 10% rise in foreclosures this year.

The Middle Class Borrower Protection Act, intended to assist middle-class homebuyers, is under fire for potentially increasing housing costs and making homeownership harder.

Critics warned the bill might benefit landlords and large corporations more than average families by reversing recent Federal Housing Finance Agency fee changes for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac mortgages.

Caroline Nagy, senior policy counsel at Americans for Financial Reform, explained the concern.

"This bill would order the FHFA to undo that change, raise prices for lower-income folks, first-time home buyers and order the FHFA to lower prices for investors and vacation-home buyers," Nagy outlined.

Nagy highlighted backers of the bill passed it in the House very quickly and it concerns her the legislation was a priority for the leadership. The bill is currently being held in Senate committee in banking housing and urban affairs.

In Metro Detroit, the median sale price for a home in 2023 was at an all-time high of $250,000. Detroit saw around 100 foreclosures in July alone, underscoring the city's ongoing foreclosure problem. Nagy expressed surprise Rep. John James, R-Mich., a Detroit native, actually supports the bill.

"I think that is a very interesting vote, given his location, and the Detroit metro area," Nagy observed. "This is an area that has seen a lot of struggles."

James did not respond to requests for comment. In Michigan, more than 12,000 properties were affected by foreclosures.

An advocacy group in Bozeman is calling on young people and low-income renters to take on the city's notorious housing crunch.

More than half of the people who live in Bozeman are renters. The latest Community Housing Needs Assessment showed Bozeman needs up to 6,300 housing units in the next 5 years just to keep up with job growth.

Jacqueline Aaron, voter engagement and housing organizer for the advocacy group Forward Montana, said people who can least afford it are paying more than 50% of their income on rent and even then, not living where they want to.

"The units are being built out on the edges of town, sprawling into our agricultural land, getting pushed outside of the community," Aaron pointed out. "I think a lot of people who really thrive in our urban center and want to be participating in the parts of community life that they value here."

Aaron argued Bozeman's development codes should reflect the desire for people to be able to live closer to town and said it was a common theme at a recent hearing. Officials will hold a work session Sept. 17 to discuss ways to address the housing shortage within the bounds of Bozeman's existing and future ordinances.

Forward Montana said 60% of the housing units in Bozeman should be priced below market value to meet the full range of community housing needs. Aaron emphasized Bozeman's more established residents have had a large hand in shaping the town's housing ordinances, and she is encouraging young people to make their voices heard as the Bozeman City Commission considers what is next for the Affordable Housing Ordinance.

"We're missing out on this over 55% of people who are renting, and a good chunk of those are these young people that are affected," Aaron stressed.

Bozeman officials voiced support during a recent hearing for adding more than 1,600 affordable housing units in town, and there are more on the horizon. Communities now use incentives to encourage developers to build affordable housing.