Two specific types of cancer are showing up in high numbers among people in jail and prison and Illinois is no exception.

A new study found a lack of resources for on-site treatment is one reason for the high rates. The data showed diagnoses and mortality numbers for liver and lung cancer are more prevalent among county jails and state prisons.

Dr. Jingxuan Zhao, senior scientist for the American Cancer Society and lead author of the study, said individuals may need to be transferred to outside facilities to receive cancer treatment, which is often denied or delayed, and people with cancer and those behind bars share some characteristics or risk factors.

"For example, some of the risk factors for developing liver cancer included hepatitis B and C," Zhao pointed out. "As we know that for lung cancer, smoking is a huge risk factor and those factors are also very common among people who are currently incarcerated or with incarceration history."

She added studies have shown people who have been incarcerated are actually more likely to receive breast and colorectal cancer screenings, compared to their counterparts. The Prison Policy Initiative estimates about 28,000 people are in Illinois state prisons, with another 17,000 in local jails.

The study examined the association of county jail and state prison incarceration rates and cancer mortality rates in the U.S., using data taken from nearly 3,100 counties and every state. Zhao noted researching incarceration and cancer care comes with some built-in challenges.

"There are several reasons, such as privacy and ethical concerns, also legal protection of incarceration data, and more importantly, the decentralization of the U.S. correctional system," Zhao outlined. "There are some ongoing efforts to link state cancer registry data and the state correctional facility data, but that's only among some single states."

Zhao added there is no multistate linkage for data, which is an important part for their research. The study stated the U.S. has one of the highest incarceration rates in the world. In one recent year, there were 350 people in prison and another 192 in jail per 100,000 population.


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The Episcopal Health Foundation wants Texas lawmakers to make health a priority during this legislative session.

The nonprofit focuses on the nonmedical drivers of a person's overall health, such as economic status, health behaviors and safe neighborhoods where people can exercise.

Ann Barnes, president and CEO of the foundation, said they would like to see legislation on maternal health, food security and diabetes prevention.

"These are health conditions that affect low-income populations and communities of color," Barnes pointed out. "We are looking for opportunities to support legislation that improves those outcomes."

Barnes noted during the last legislative session, lawmakers passed bills that approved Medicaid screenings for nonmedical factors that influence health and for doulas to serve as case managers for pregnant people. She looks forward to having those bills implemented.

A recent survey by the foundation found nearly half of adults in Texas say they live in a household experiencing diabetes or prediabetes.

Barnes argued not addressing the problem puts an economic strain on the entire state.

"Between $6 billion and $8 billion, that's billion with a B, is spent on the treatment of diabetes through the Medicaid program," Barnes emphasized. "That is about a quarter of all dollars spent on adults on Medicaid."

She added health care only affects about 20% of a person's overall health. The other 80% is determined by their environment.

The Los Angeles area wildfires will affect people's health for many years, according to disaster relief experts.

The fires can cause severe mental health issues, displacement and financial ruin, which make it harder for people to care for their health.

Talya Meyers, senior editor and writer at the nonprofit Direct Relief, said the disaster takes a heavy toll far beyond those killed in the fire.

"When a natural disaster hits a community, there are long-term impacts that cause increases in morbidity and mortality, but that aren't always accounted for in the death toll or in public perceptions," Meyers explained. "It's something that the larger public does need to start thinking about."

A lot of people were struggling to afford food and shelter in Los Angeles even before the devastating fires. Direct Relief is working to meet people's immediate needs, distributing medications, medical equipment and supplies to shelters like the one at the Pasadena Convention Center. And they provided N95 masks, now being handed out free at GAP stores in the area. They are also working to support health centers and community clinics, which will need to ramp up services for the long term.

Fernando Fierro, assistant vice president of nursing services for AltaMed Health Services, which runs community clinics in the Pasadena-Altadena area and is tending to patients in the shelter, said the donated supplies are crucial to helping people fill prescriptions lost in the fire and get continuing care.

"It's transitioned to more of just providing the day-to-day health care support," Fierro noted. "And it's flu season, so managing public health, but an infection prevention standpoint."

Clinics are also watching out for persistent environmental health risks because exposure to smoke can cause or worsen respiratory conditions. Bacteria and hazardous chemicals can stay in the soil and get into the water supply.

New research is finding extra responsibilities at work can take a heavy toll.

A report from Scripps Health shows a link between mental health disorders and work burnout.

According to the report, emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion from continuous and excessive stress can lead to burnout. Left untreated, this can cause short-term sleeping difficulties and digestion problems.

Keith Spencer, who writes résumés for the company Résumé Now, said burnout is more than feeling overwhelmed. And he warned that employees should heed the alert signs before their symptoms are unmanageable.

"Burnout can also lead to and exacerbate issues like anxiety and depression," said Spencer. "And in fact, signs of burnout often mirror other mental health symptoms, like chronic fatigue, irritability, and detachment."

Over time, researchers say extreme overload can contribute to unhealthy relationships and lead to more serious health issues - like heart disease and chronic muscle pain.

Spencer advised coping mechanisms like setting work boundaries or finding mental health support.

A 2019 study by JAMA Health found untreated mental illness cost nearly 430,000 Hoosiers more than $4 billion.

Researchers say as stress levels build, many workers delay taking a break from an unhealthy work environment. Reasons can include unwillingness to leave tasks behind for a co-worker, or no money for a vacation.

Spencer said if the environment is so toxic you think often of leaving, there are a few things to consider.

"I do think it's important to have that honest and ongoing discussion with yourself," said Spencer. "'Are there some boundaries that I can set at work that might alleviate some of these issues that I'm experiencing?' It's really hard to say, 'This is the moment when you should walk away' or, 'This is the moment where you should realize that nothing is getting better.'"

Spencer said striking a balance can help reduce stress or burnout if you can't leave your job. He said he believes you can prevent burnout, but it'll require some effort from you or the company.