Organizers behind a new Indigenous school in western South Dakota hope they can give young Native American students a more optimal learning environment for years to come.

Mary Bowman is founder of the Oceti Sakowin Community Academy in Rapid City, which opens in September. It's starting with a kindergarten class of more than 30 students.

Bowman said Indigenous students often encounter achievement gaps, along with discipline disparities in most school settings. She said the academy wants to be a place where these students might get off to a better start after previous generations dealt with many roadblocks.

"Our school, we are really looking to address some of those things that have been harmful - with boarding schools, where they took away the language and the culture," she said.

She said they will have rigorous academics. Students also get daily lessons on the Lakota language, along with engagement opportunities with tribal elders.

Officials with the Rapid City School District have said they wish the new academy well, but note it isn't accredited yet. Bowman said they are working to achieve that status with the state.

The school's opening comes amid tense debate over updating social-studies standards in South Dakota schools, and how much effort is being placed on certain aspects of American Indian history. This new campus may be starting with just one grade, but Bowman said she hopes possible expansions in the future will shield more students from policy fallouts - and provide better outcomes.

"They're going to do better economically," she said. "Hopefully they'll go on to post-high school - or you know, services, or find a trade."

Separately, there have been recent legislative efforts in South Dakota to establish state-funded charter schools that would focus on Lakota language, culture and history.


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Conditions may have improved, but Native American tribes in South Dakota say they're still reeling from the recent blizzard that left many stranded without vital resources. That's prompted renewed calls for improved aid to make it through future weather events.

The storm cut off roads to areas such as the Pine Ridge reservation, forcing some residents to burn clothing and furniture to stay warm. State Sen. Troy Heinert, D-Mission, a member of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe, said the conditions there were extremely dangerous, too. He said tribes already have limited resources and can only do so much to prepare.

"Considerable investments in roads and bridges and equipment," he said, "manpower is going to be needed if we're going to continue to have storms like this."

He called on local, state and federal leaders to ensure infrastructure needs and emergency planning for tribal areas receive priority. In response to the current storm, Gov. Kristi Noem ordered expanded National Guard missions to help affected tribes, including hauling firewood from the Black Hills.

Heinert said that assistance was a huge help, but noted that residents are still having trouble getting to their livestock. Tribal governments have their own emergency preparedness plans, but often lack enough snow-removal equipment to prevent snowdrifts from swallowing up fields, as well as surrounding roads.

"What we found down here in Rosebud is we had no place to put the snow," he said. "There was so much and it was so deep, and it was so heavy."

Because first responders had trouble reaching homes, Heinert and other local leaders said, a 12-year-old boy died after suffering a medical emergency. Because of term limits, Heinert won't be back in office in the new legislative session, but he said he will continue to serve as a voice for remote tribal areas in need of additional support.

Arizona tribal communities face inequalities every day, but a recent Arizona State University graduate said she wants to shape public policy to help change it.

Ty'Lesha Yellowhair argued changing public policy which guides social services would not only ensure tribal members receive the care they need, but also help to change the public perception of Native communities, which hold lots of strength and resiliency, despite challenges.

Yellowhair is from the Navajo Nation, originally from Kayenta, Arizona, and currently works in the Office of Health Programs for the Phoenix Area Indian Health Services as a social service assistant. She explained she wants her story to serve as an inspiration to others.

"I hope that my story being shared can change the image of what people have of Native communities, like, we too, can become professionals. We, too, can deal with policy. We, too, have the power to change what's happening around us," Yellowhair outlined.

Yellowhair comes from a family of teachers, and is her family's first social worker and public administrator. She emphasized her mother, a teacher of more than 50 years, was fundamental in helping her understand people have different lived experiences.

Yellowhair added her childhood influenced the work she does today. She acknowledged she grew up in a home with two educated working parents, and knows it was not the case for everyone. Her graduate work led her to study violence in Indigenous communities, specifically against Native women and children.

Yellowhair stressed she has not met a single Native woman who was not impacted by some sort of violence in her life, and she is convinced there must be a greater focus on the issue.

"To me, that speaks volumes," Yellowhair remarked. "That is what continues to drive me, as a person who strives to be an advocate for my community."

Yellowhair believes she has the tools to fight for justice and reparations, and hopes to give back to her community and others by advocating through policy and fighting for systemic change.

Indigenous activists in the Commonwealth are calling on state lawmakers to pass legislation to strengthen protections for Native American remains.

The outcry follows an announcement from Harvard's Peabody Museum that it has hair samples from indigenous people around the world, including clippings from some 700 Native American children, many of whom attended U.S. Indian boarding schools. The hair was part of a donation to the museum in 1935.

Jean-Luc Pierite, president of the North American Indian Center of Boston, said he was horrified to learn about it.

"This was a severing of a spirit and of identity, forcefully cutting off the connection between the children and their home communities," Pierite asserted.

Pierite emphasized lawmakers can ensure publicly-funded institutions in the Commonwealth adhere to federal protections for Native American remains by passing An Act to Protect Native American Heritage, which was originally filed in 2019.

The Peabody Museum did not respond to multiple requests for comment, although it has created a website detailing efforts to return the hair samples to families and Tribes.

Pierite argued the museum's collection is indicative of a broader issue, in which sacred objects and
human remains continue to be, in his words, "held captive" by public institutions. He contended the Peabody Museum needs to correctly identify the origins of the samples to help families properly heal, as well as the Indigenous students on Harvard's campus.

"You know, we've had students feeling like they're in a situation where they couldn't even breathe," Pierite pointed out. "And not even really knowing how much is in there, but just knowing that these are places that hold so much that needs to go back home."

He added legislation would also have hastened the recent return of items and remains from the 1890 Wounded Knee Massacre by a museum in the town of Barre after decades of requests by descendants of those who were killed in the battle.