Research says 80% of community-college students intend to transfer to complete a bachelor's degree, but only 14% do so within six years.

Transferring between institutions of higher education can be complicated, and when classes don't transfer, repeating them adds cost and consumes time.

In North Carolina, the state-run community college system has agreements in place that standardize class transfers with both the University of North Carolina system and in-state independent colleges and universities.

This year, common-course numbering was introduced between the UNC system and the state community colleges. Streamlining transferability between institutions will also help reduce student debt.

Eric Fotheringham is the director of community-college partnerships and adult-learner initiatives for the UNC system. He said the university system published an updated strategic plan last summer that made reducing student debt at graduation a priority.

"There were a couple of metrics having to do with reducing student debt," said Fotheringham. "So, we will be gauging our success as a system and individual universities will be gauging some of their success based on reducing student debt, so there's a metric looking at that specifically for first-time students but also for transfer students."

The long-term goal of the strategic plan is to reduce average cumulative federal loan debt at graduation by over 12%.

Transfer students in North Carolina can also take advantage of a number of discipline-specific agreements where transfer credits have been standardized for specific majors between the community college and either a college in the UNC system or one affiliated with the North Carolina Independent Colleges and Universities.

Discipline-specific agreements exist for nursing, engineering, and early childhood education, among others.

Hope Williams is president of North Carolina Independent Colleges and Universities, and said some of their schools are reaching out to potential transfer students to cultivate a sense of belonging at the four-year institution.

"A number of our campuses are going into the community college, offering a course free on the four-year college campus while they're still a student at the community college," said Williams. "Some are providing ID cards for the four-year college so that students can come on campus and use the library and other resources to help make sure that students feel comfortable and are ready to make that transfer."

One study found that each year among the 50,000 low- and moderate-income community-college students in America that don't transfer, 15,000 have a Grade Point Average above 3.7.

Study authors say that fact makes the case that those students could be successful at even the most competitive schools.

Williams says some of the schools in the NCICU are finding creative ways to support transfer students.

"Many campuses are putting together opportunities to have students receive a transfer scholarship, or in some cases to cap tuition," said Williams, "so that students know exactly what their costs will be and that they won't exceed a certain amount."

Enrollment in Indiana's 21st Century Scholars program has surged, reaching record levels. The Indiana Commission for Higher Education reports the program has enrolled more than 90,000 students for 2027 and 2028, more than double previous numbers. The boost follows a 2023 law allowing automatic enrollment for eligible students.

Rep. Earl Harris, D-East Chicago, authored the change. He hopes it helps more low-income students access a debt-free college education by meeting academic requirements.

"There are a lot of people that did not know it existed," he said. "I would ask people when they asked me about ways to fund their children's education, and I would mention 21st Century Scholars and almost 100% of the time the person would look at me and go, 'what's that?'"

The 21st Century Scholars program was created in 1990. It offers tuition-free college at Indiana's two- and four-year institutions for students who qualify based on income. Students eligible for the National School Lunch Program are automatically enrolled, though they may opt out. To remain in the program, they must meet certain academic and behavioral standards.

Harris commended the program's success and voiced optimism for expanding bipartisan educational efforts.

"I believe we as a state should do everything we can to help our young people continue their education post high school. We know funding is a big roadblock for a lot of people, and 21st Century Scholars is a great way to make sure that those funds are in place," he continued.

State education officials say over 50,000 students enrolled for 2028, with an additional 46,000 for 2027. Before automatic enrollment, sign-ups typically saw between 16,000 and 19,000 students.

Parents and educators in Massachusetts are celebrating an end to the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System graduation requirement.

Nearly 60% of voters approved Question 2, which ensures students still take the standardized test but does not require passage to receive a high school diploma.

Carolyn Scafidi, a retired special educator in Tyngsborough, said the results show voters trust teachers.

"The educators are the professionals, so let us do what we do best, not other outside sources saying that this is what you should be doing," Scafidi stressed.

Skafidi pointed out students must still complete district-certified coursework to demonstrate their comprehension and she predicted students will fare better without the added stress of a high-stakes test. Opponents said removal of the MCAS test will only loosen academic standards and increase inequality.

Roughly 700 students each year do not pass the MCAS exam and do not receive their high school diploma. Educators said the majority are students of color, English language learners and those with disabilities.

Joy Ahmed, a parent in Ashland, said her son has a learning disability and gets nervous before tests. She hopes more special education students and those put in transition programs after age 18 will no longer be penalized.

"Which would be a huge change in the special education community in the way that we treat students who are unique learners in this state," Ahmed observed. "They were often denied access to getting a diploma, so I'm thrilled for those families."

Ahmed added teachers will also have more time to be creative in the classroom without having to spend so many hours "teaching to the test." Massachusetts was one of just eight states to still require passage of a standardized test to receive a high school diploma.


get more stories like this via email

As New York considers new graduation requirements, the alternatives might not be easy to implement.

The state's Blue Ribbon Commission on Graduation Measures said Regents exams will no longer count toward graduation. Studies show exit exams do not raise a high school diploma's value or student achievement.

Arlen Benjamin Gomez, executive director of Ed Trust-New York, said while one alternative is performance-based assessments, the Department of Education might not provide resources for all districts to shift away from the Regents exams.

"In that process, we're concerned about what districts will do in order to look at other ways of demonstrating proficiency for students and whether students will be given a full menu of opportunities," Gomez noted. "Or whether some students will be pushed toward Regents exams and other students pushed towards untested ways of demonstrating proficiency."

Critics said Regents exams present barriers and biases for students. Along with racial biases, studies show exit exams can impact multilingual learners and students with disabilities. Before new requirements can be implemented, she argued fixing underlying issues such as minority students being undereducated should be addressed first.

Beyond new graduation requirements, Gomez pointed out another way to improve education is by fully funding schools. The Rockefeller Institute is studying the formula since many education advocates said it is ripe for change.

She contended the current education system is not preparing students for college and beyond.

"What we are doing is setting kids up to not be proficient, not being able to graduate demonstrating that proficiency, and then going on to college and careers where they're going to struggle, taking entry-level work-based assessments, or they might have to take remedial courses in college," studying the formula outlined. "We know that can lead to increased debt or students dropping out of school."

Current statistics show fewer than half of eighth graders statewide are proficient in math in a 2022-2023 assessment.

Students of color fared worse, with only 32% of Latino students and 31% of Black students being proficient in math. The numbers were still less than half for the same groups' reading proficiency.