A coalition of South Dakota groups is voicing its opposition to a ballot measure intended to end a state sales tax on consumables.

If passed this November, Initiated Measure 28 would repeal the state's 4.2% sales tax on "anything sold for human consumption," including food and other products from toothpaste to tobacco, CBD and vaping products.

Sandra Waltman, director of public affairs for the South Dakota Education Association, said the teachers union opposes the repeal because it does not include a plan to replace the money the current tax contributes to education.

"Our main reason for opposing this is the lack of a plan for replacing the $176 million and what that will do, not only for K-12 students but for higher education," Waltman explained. "Districts would probably be looking at a very bare-bones budget."

Currently, Waltman said about 60% of public school funding comes from state coffers, and the other 40% from local property taxes. She called the potential effect on education "drastic," saying they could lead to fewer teachers, larger class sizes and cuts to newer resources like mental health support and programs for career and technical education.

Proponents of the measure said repealing the tax could help the nearly 9% of South Dakotans who are food insecure but Waltman countered the same people would likely feel the effects of underfunded school systems.

"To repeal one tax without a more broad conversation about how you replace that revenue is shortsighted, and we think you shouldn't just be repealing a tax without a plan."

Other groups opposing the measure include the South Dakota Cattlemen's Association, Chamber of Commerce and Industry, South Dakotans Against a State Income Tax and the South Dakota Farm Bureau.

New York Gov. Kathy Hochul's 2026 education budget proposal changes school funding, and some critics say it's unfair.

The formula hasn't changed in almost 20 years and uses poverty data from the 2000 census.

While advocates say the new formula improves school funding, some believe it could shortchange New York City Public Schools.

Randi Levine, policy director with Advocates for Children of New York, said this is because the formula uses the federal poverty measure.

"Making ends meet as a family of four on $30,000 is incredibly difficult in New York City, and means something very different in New York City than in other parts of the state," said Levine. "But, there are no updates in the formula to take into account those regional variations."

She said the formula's regional cost difference index is outdated too, but there are calls to update it.

Legislators will take a look during the elementary and secondary education budget hearing on January 29. Those looking to testify can learn more online at nyassembly.gov.

These concerns stem from a Rockefeller Institute study about updating New York's school funding formula. Levine said the study mentions other options that could fund schools statewide more fairly.

This includes giving higher weight to districts with higher student poverty rates. Levine said lawmakers must come together to fill the funding gap.

"We need our New York City state legislators to do all they can to ensure New York City students get the resources they need," said Levine. "It is not acceptable for New York City to lose funding that is supposed to go to helping low-income students get a high-quality education."

She added that the current formula's reliance on data from free and reduced-price lunch forms is outdated, since New York City has universal free meals.

Levine pointed out that another formula change, proposed by Hochul, is replacing eligibility for free or reduced-price lunch with a broader definition of economically disadvantaged students - which may more accurately reflect some students' needs.



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South Dakota lawmakers will soon resume debate on a budget-cutting plan targeting library services within the state.

Legislative committees are likely to take another look at Gov. Kristi Noem's proposal to reduce the State Library's main budget by more than $1 million, along with federal funding requiring a state match. A companion bill would repeal the agency's responsibilities.

Elizabeth Fox, president of the South Dakota Library Association and a librarian at South Dakota State University, warned the office would barely exist under the governor's approach. She said it now secures dozens of databases, which help students in many ways, like preparing for college entrance exams. Local branches benefit, too.

"There's medical databases," Fox pointed out. "If you go to the doctor and get told that you have something and you want to learn about it, the public library can help you do so through the databases provided by the State Library."

Fox noted while policymakers embracing these moves might argue about government efficiency, the State Library has purchasing power, which keeps costs lower. She argued taking away that ability would force school and municipal libraries to buy resources on their own when they are more expensive, putting pressure on local taxpayers.

As states try to fill workforce shortages, Fox feels such moves would set students back in charting a path for their professional lives.

"If this goes through, students will not even have a print index to find a journal article that they could go look in print," Fox explained. "It does put the state at a great disadvantage."

Other potential effects include the loss of library staff training for local sites and the use of a courier system allowing patrons to request a book from a different branch. Meanwhile, the national advocacy group EveryLibrary fears South Dakota's plans could be replicated by other states with similar budget motivations.


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In an effort to make up for President Donald Trump moving his inauguration indoors to the Capitol Rotunda, leaving many ticket holders to watch from an overflow arena, Rep. Darren Soto, D-Fla., offered his constituents a unique gesture: a guided tour of the Capitol for those affected by the change in venue.

Just after leading the tour, Soto sat in his office and reacted to breaking news of Trump's sweeping pardons for more than 1,500 individuals charged in connection with the Jan. 6 Capitol riot.

"It is extremely disappointing and sets the wrong tone for his new incoming administration," Soto contended. "When you side with criminals over police officers on the first day, it sends the wrong message. I was in the chamber on January 6. The Capitol police saved my life."

The vast majority of Jan. 6 cases have already been resolved in court, resulting in guilty pleas or trial convictions. However, the final section of Trump's proclamation ordered the dismissal of approximately 300 pending cases. Among those pardoned was Robert Palmer, a Florida man who assaulted police officers with a fire extinguisher, a wooden plank and a pole.

Trump's proclamation commuted the sentences of 14 far-right extremists, including members of the Proud Boys and Oath Keepers. Among them was Kelly Meggs, leader of the Oath Keepers' Florida chapter, who had been sentenced to a decade in prison for seditious conspiracy. While Soto acknowledged leniency for nonviolent offenders who have served significant time, he emphasized others must fully serve their sentences.

"Those who violently attacked police officers should be forced to serve their whole sentence just like any other American who did such a heinous crime would expect," Soto argued.

Michael Fanone is a former D.C. police officer who was attacked by people now pardoned by Trump. He told CNN he feels deeply betrayed by the decision.


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