By Dan Gearino for Inside Climate News.
Broadcast version by Joe Ulery for Indiana News Service reporting for the Solutions Journalism Network-Public News Service Collaboration

Duke Energy is proposing a three-year extension for the Gibson power plant in southwest Indiana, the second-largest coal-fired power plant in the country.

Gibson, originally scheduled to close in 2035, would remain open until 2038 and would get a retrofit to be able to run on natural gas or coal, according to a plan the utility released this week.

Duke said the proposal, if adopted by state regulators, will give it the resources and flexibility needed to handle a projected increase in electricity demand. At the same time, environmental advocates said the plan reflects an overreliance on fossil fuels and is a retreat from what they already saw as a weak approach to reducing emissions.

The dynamics in Indiana are similar to other states as the growth of data centers and regulatory backlogs in building renewable energy are making utilities more cautious about closing fossil fuel power plants.

But Indiana is a special case for a few reasons, including its history of coal mining and its heavy use of coal for producing electricity. The state ranks fourth in the country in electricity generation from coal, behind Texas, West Virginia and Kentucky, according to the Energy Information Administration.

Just a few years ago, Indiana was notable for taking steps away from coal. One of its utilities, NIPSCO, got national attention for its plan to close all its coal plants by 2028. Three years ago, the utility AEP said it would close the Rockport coal plant, the second-largest in Indiana and among the 10 largest in the country, by 2028.

The new Duke plan, which covers its Indiana power plants through 2044, is likely to add to concerns that Indiana utilities are backsliding on the progress they seemed to be making.

“These utility commitments are not really commitments,” said Ben Inskeep, program director for Citizens Action Coalition, a consumer and environmental advocacy group based in Indianapolis. “When the utility says they’re doing X by Y year, you know, if there’s no law forcing them to do so, they can change those plans on a dime.”

Indiana law requires electricity utilities to issue long-term plans for power plants every three years. Regulators will review the filing, take testimony from interested parties and then issue comments.

Nathan Gagnon, Duke’s managing director for Midwest resource planning, explained the proposal during an hours-long video meeting with interested parties. He spoke about a summary of the plan, with a more detailed filing to come in November.

“Coal drops off pretty steeply,” he said about the later years under the proposal. “There’s not much coal in the mix after ‘31 when you get down to it.”

He fielded questions from viewers, including members of the public, who had concerns about climate change and also wanted the company to explore developing new nuclear plants.

His answers highlighted that it takes years to implement big changes to electricity resources and that the company is looking for scenarios that have low costs while still meeting customers’ needs and following federal emissions rules.

Duke, based in North Carolina, is one of the country’s largest utilities, with customers in the Carolinas, Florida, Indiana, Kentucky and Ohio.

It is proposing various changes to the five generating units at Gibson, which together have a summer generating capacity of 3,132 megawatts. Southern Co.’s Plant Bowen in Georgia, with capacity of 3,200 megawatts, is the only coal-fired plant that’s larger.

Under Duke’s preferred planning scenario, Gibson units 1 and 2 would be retrofitted by 2030 to be able to burn both coal and natural gas. Units 3 and 4 would be replaced by natural gas generating units by that same year and have no timetable for closing. Unit 5 would close by 2030.

Duke also is proposing to convert the Cayuga and Edwardsport coal plants to run on natural gas. (Edwardsport is unlike the other coal plants in that it uses a “coal gasification” technology that Duke once promoted as highly efficient, and now would be replaced by a less expensive process.)

Duke’s plan includes several gigawatts of new wind and solar, but most of this is in the last few years of the timeline.

The slow rollout of renewables is a detail that jumped out to Brendan Pierpont, director of electricity modeling for the think tank Energy Innovation. He said Duke’s modeling of future costs of renewables look high to him, and creates a distorted picture.

“That’s a clear place where they have put their thumb on the scales,” he said.

He said Duke’s lack of near-term progress on renewables detracts from the company’s credibility when it talks about reducing emissions.

Duke issued this statement along with the plan:

“Duke Energy’s carbon emissions reduction goals remain unchanged, but our progress will not be linear as we retire coal and bring new generation resources online. Over time our diverse energy mix will enable us to reach our 2050 net-zero carbon emission ambitions.”


Dan Gearino wrote this article for Inside Climate News.


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A Senate committee will decide whether to advance House Bill 1007, which, if passed, would allow Indiana utilities to recover costs for small modular nuclear reactors before obtaining permits.

The bill also includes a 20% tax credit for reactor manufacturers. Supporters said it will lower long-term energy costs and improve reliability, while opponents warned it could raise consumer bills.

Robyn Skyua-Boss, Hoosier Chapter director for the Sierra Club, said the bill shifts financial risk to utility customers.

"Hoosier customers could see their bills going up to subsidize and cover the costs of building out these extremely expensive small modular nuclear reactors," Skyua-Boss pointed out. "As well as we could see costs going up because of the provisions in the bill that could delay coal plant retirements."

No small modular nuclear reactors currently operate in the U.S., and past projects have faced cost overruns and cancellations. Opponents cited Indiana's abandoned Marble Hill nuclear plant, which left consumers paying for an incomplete facility.

Skyua-Boss argued the bill could slow Indiana's transition to renewable energy.

"We really want to see more engagement from our state leaders," Skyua-Boss urged. "We want to see community solar legislation advance. Unfortunately, the bills around community solar did not advance this session; instead, we're here talking about House Bill 1007."

Rep. Ed Soliday, R-Valparaiso, the bill's author, said it positions Indiana as an energy leader while balancing cost and sustainability. The bill now moves to a Senate committee.

Clean-energy advocates in Texas are closely monitoring a bill before the Legislature that, if passed, could stop the development and operation of additional projects.

The state has experienced a huge increase in wind and solar energy use.

A recent study shows that Texas ranks first in the nation for wind power generation, second for solar power generation, and is second in the nation for battery storage.

Luke Metzger, executive director of Environment Texas, said they're hosting a meeting tonight to better explain Senate Bill 819 - which could hinder further expansion.

"Our webinar seeks to educate the public about some of these attacks on clean energy," said Metzger, "reminding people how critical they are for our environment, for public health, as well as working to bust some of the myths out there about renewables."

A similar bill passed in the Texas Senate during the last legislative session but didn't make it through the House of Representatives.

The webinar starts at 6 o'clock. Viewers can register on the Environment Texas website.

The demand for electricity in the State is projected to double over the next five years.

Problems with the Texas grid have more people turning to clean energy to cool and heat their homes and businesses.

Metzger said it's estimated that Texans save $1 billion each month because of wind and solar.

"As renewables have grown - as of just last year producing almost one third of the electricity in the state of Texas," said Metzger, "we're starting to see some pushback from fossil-fuel companies and others that are threatened by the growth in clean energy."

He said Senate Bill 819 includes discriminatory permitting requirements, setbacks for wind and solar facilities, and new taxes and fees targeting renewable energy.





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In Wyoming, electric utility PacifiCorp's draft 2025 plans show a shift away from renewable energy additions compared with last year, according to a new report.

Final plans are expected later this month, following industry wins during the state's legislative session. One new law passed by the Wyoming Legislature decreased the severance tax rate for surface coal from 6.5% to 6%, saving the industry about $10 million annually. A second creates a new fund, also $10 million, to support companies pumping carbon dioxide, a major greenhouse gas, into the ground in order to increase oil production.

Emma Jones, climate and energy organizer for the Wyoming chapter of the Sierra Club, said the moves are pushing the state in the wrong direction.

"What it's doing is providing an incentive for fossil fuel industries to continue to produce carbon dioxide," Jones pointed out. "What we've seen is that it's not increasing the number of jobs available for people and it's not making energy cheaper."

Jones added in Wyoming, tax breaks and extra funding to fossil fuel companies come at a cost to state beneficiaries, such as education and public services. According to the report, in 2023, the state's electricity generation profile consisted of about 71% coal-fired power plants, 21% wind and the rest was a mix.

Jones noted state officials fret Wyoming is becoming a "retirement community." She emphasized over roughly the past decade, the state ranked second lowest in the U.S. for job growth, at just 1% compared with the national average of nearly 14%.

"Our most important export today is not coal or natural gas, but jobs," Jones contended. "Skilled laborers, educated young people who are leaving the state for better opportunities elsewhere."

In its 2023 plan, PacifiCorp calculated two outlooks, one with high renewables and one with low. It projected higher renewables would mean about 10,000 more jobs than the alternative.