By Anya Petrone Slepyan for The Daily Yonder.
Broadcast version by Roz Brown for New Mexico News Connection for the Public News Service/Daily Yonder Collaboration

Carlos Miller is a college student who grew up in rural Taos, New Mexico, but he isn't sure he'll be able to come back to his community when he graduates. James Cross, the CEO of the local Holy Cross Medical Center, is paid competitively, but still can't afford a home. Tiana Suazo, of the Taos Pueblo community, lived for years with her abusive father because she couldn't afford to move out. Meanwhile, the beds in the town's homeless shelter are filled with people who have lived in the community for decades.

These are just some of the stories shared by residents of Taos as part of a new video campaign called "Why Housing Matters." The campaign was created by the Taos Housing Partnership, a non-profit organization that acts as a bridge between the Town and County governments, developers and builders, local stakeholders, and residents to create a unified local strategy to address the housing crisis in Taos County.

Nestled in northern New Mexico's Sangre de Cristo mountains, the town of 6,500 people is known for its galleries, restaurants, live music scene, indigenous landmarks, and year-round outdoor recreation. And while visitors continue to stream in, it has become increasingly difficult to buy or rent a home in either the town of Taos or Taos County.

"People just can't afford to live here," said Lisa O'Brien, the executive director of the Taos Housing Partnership in an interview with the Daily Yonder. "We have vacancies in our school districts and vacancies in our healthcare system and vacancies across the board. And most of the time they've recruited, they've interviewed, they've hired. But that individual doesn't have a house to move into."

The crisis has been building for years, according to O'Brien. And though the County has taken steps previously to understand the scope of the problem, there hasn't been an organization ready to enact solutions until now, she said.

"There was never an entity that took it on. And that's what we're going to do right now that's different," O'Brien said. "We know what the problems are. We need to start getting to the solutions."

Though Taos may be facing old problems, the scale of the crisis is new, according to research conducted for the Taos Housing Partnership.

In June of 2023, researchers examined the homes available in Taos County on a particular day to get a snapshot of the state of the housing market. They found that while there were 121 homes listed, only 8 of them cost $300,000 or less. Meanwhile, around 20% of the homes for sale cost over $1,000,000.

This is notable in a county with an area median income (AMI) of $76,000. Even for families who make 120% of the AMI, a $300,000 house is at the "upper limit of affordability," according to the report. Furthermore, the median sale price of a house in Taos County rose by $122,000 - or around 35% - in just three years between 2020 and 2023.

Renters are also facing an affordability crisis in Taos. According to the report, nearly 45% of all renter households are paying "unaffordable housing payments," with 86% of households earning less than $35,000 a year considered cost-burdened. As a result, it is estimated that as many as 750 low-income families have moved out of the county in search of affordable housing.

"We're in a pretty dire situation right now, and I don't think we're any different than a lot of communities in the country, particularly small rural ones," said O'Brien.

Rural communities across the country face similar housing affordability challenges as Taos, with limited housing stock, a high percentage of second homeowners, and a lack of rentals. In counties with recreation-dependent economies like Taos housing tends to be less affordable than other counties.

In Taos, a number of factors have contributed to the crisis, according to O'Brien. Lack of housing stock across all levels, from below-market to high end homes, means it is difficult for people in any income bracket to find a place to live, though more affluent people have significantly more options. With an average of just 16 units built per year between 2020-2023, according to the report, the county is falling far short of the 300-500 units O'Brien estimates are needed to resolve the crisis.

But with the price of building materials still far higher than their pre-pandemic costs, correcting this deficit won't be easy, especially when it comes to affordable housing.

"People ask me, Lisa, why can't you just go build houses that people can afford?' And I always chuckle, because I can't call the lumber company and say, 'hey, can you give me the affordable housing window package?' It doesn't exist. The cost of building is what it is." O'Brien said.

Instead, O'Brien says the organization is looking at a range of possible solutions to reduce other costs. Land and infrastructure subsidized by the local government are one possibility. Changing zoning codes and encouraging developers to build higher-density housing will also help solve the shortage in homes. And mortgage assistance programs are another way to close the steadily increasing gap between the cost of a home and what most locals can afford to pay.

"There's not one thing that's going to fix the housing situation," O'Brien said. "But there's a lot of little things that you can do, and if you do ten of those things it may add up to getting someone into a home."

Coming up with a range of possible solutions is one thing. Actually enacting them, with community support, is another, O'Brien said. This is especially true when it comes to building affordable housing developments, which is a critical part of Taos Housing Partnership's strategy.

"People have concerns about water here, and if we have a strong enough social infrastructure to support a growing community. These are all rational questions," O'Brien said. "I think the challenge is when there's this global sense of 'we don't want to change...we don't want anything that looks like growth. And that stops a conversation right then and there."

One of Taos Housing Partnership's many tasks, according to O'Brien, is facilitating community conversations to "level set" the way Taoseños are thinking about housing. O'Brien and her team are trying to help residents understand the deep connection between housing and other issues that affect the community, from education and healthcare to the town's tourism-based economy, which depends on service workers.

"We have to say, 'we all want to be part of a vibrant, thriving, growing community, which means having a strong healthcare system, having a strong school system, we want all our favorite restaurants to be open.' And if we want all of those things, we have to be able to provide the housing that accommodates that," O'Brien said.

O'Brien is the first to admit that turning the tide on Taos' housing crisis won't be easy, especially with decades of inertia working in the other direction. But she believes that the Taos Housing Partnership's grassroots approach to building support for a range of housing solutions is the way to move the community forward.

"So I think there's excitement in figuring out how do you get people of all ages from all different income levels to start talking about why housing is so important for the health and vibrancy of the community? We all live in it," she said.


Anya Petrone Slepyan wrote this article for The Daily Yonder.


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As urban homelessness and drug use grab the spotlight, rural areas such as Branson are left in the shadows, with critical needs going unmet. But local community organizations are stepping up to provide much-needed support.

Branson has a growing crisis where substance use and homelessness intersect, with about 1,500 people, mostly those who are working but still considered low-income, living in extended-stay motels. An estimated 20% of the population is homeless, and motel living heightens the risk of substance-use and mental-health issues.

Marietta Hagan, project coordinator, Population Health Department with Cox Health, said there are the challenges to addressing these issues in rural areas.

"Lack of transportation in rural areas, lack of that financial and other resources. Branson is considered a rural area, even though we get 9 million visitors a year - we only have a population of 12,000 and the services to support those," she said.

Also, rural areas often have fewer homeless shelters, making it harder for people to find emergency housing or long-term support. Hagan said the good news is, people who have recovered from drug use and homelessness are working together to help those still struggling.

Hagan said it's almost like a multiplying factor - and once a person starts to struggle with issues stemming from poverty, especially in rural areas, it increases their risk of struggling with other issues such as drug use and homelessness - and this leads to stigmas and a lack of support.

"If you live in a small town that has 300 people, and you are labeled as a drug user, you're often ostracized from your community and you're not given that social support and that community that you can turn to maybe when you're struggling with something," she continued.

Between 2022 and 2023, Missouri saw a 12% increase in homelessness and a 24% rise in unsheltered homelessness.


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Some University of Nebraska students are gaining career skills as they work to address the state's affordable housing shortage by making small, practical dwellings available in some of Omaha's most distressed areas.

The price of a new home in the U.S. has jumped from about $140,000 to more than $340,000 in the last two decades, making affordable homes harder to come by and leaving more people without a place to live. Omaha reflects the trend.

Jeffrey Day, professor of architecture at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, said the city needs 30,000 additional housing units to keep up with demand, and 60% have to qualify as "affordable."

"The other challenge in Omaha is that 80% of the city's residentially zoned land does not allow multifamily, or even small multifamily, housing," Day pointed out. "It's really all zoned for single-family dwellings, which makes it very hard to increase density in the city in order to produce more units."

Day's student-run Fabrication And Construction Team is designing and building small, affordable housing units on lots in older parts of Omaha, with an eye toward serving the aging population. The lab is working with Partners for Livable Omaha to plan and build the houses.

Because Omaha's strict zoning laws prohibit multifamily housing, the design and construction teams are creating Accessory Dwelling Units and cottage clusters, sharing a common outdoor space. Day stressed multifamily homes will have to play a part in solving Omaha's affordable housing dilemma at some point.

"We're focusing on the single-family dwelling and looking at a very small, extremely efficient dwelling that's designed to be accommodating for aging people who might have mobility challenges or other kind of issues," Day explained. "It allows them to downsize what might have been a larger home."

Students are already constructing parts of the dwellings in the lab. Now they are waiting for city approval to subdivide some key Omaha lots and erect the homes.

Support for this reporting was provided by Lumina Foundation.


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The number of Colorado families experiencing homelessness rose by 134%, from 3,600 in 2023 to more than 8,500 families in 2024, according to new federal data.

Rep. Manny Rutinel, D-Commerce City, said addressing homelessness will be a priority in the legislative session kicking off on Wednesday. He plans to introduce a bill to strengthen the state's support infrastructure, in part by creating special regional homelessness response districts.

"So that localities -- municipalities, counties -- can build up resources and pool them together with other counties and municipalities," Rutinel explained. "So that they can take on this really important issue head on, together."

The annual point-in-time count conducted by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development found 18,715 Coloradans were homeless, a 30% increase from 2023. Rutinel believes better coordination between state agencies, local governments and nonprofits can both prevent and reduce homelessness.

Cathy Alderman, chief communications and public policy officer for the Colorado Coalition for the Homeless, said it is important for multiple sectors touching the lives of people experiencing homelessness, including education, social services, transportation and health care, to lean into the challenge. For example, when people have access to health care, they're more likely to have stable housing, and a person's housing situation also affects their health.

"We often find that building that relationship with somebody who is living outside through the provision of health care means that we can get them on a pathway to housing," Alderman pointed out.

There are currently 28 housing units sitting vacant for every person experiencing homelessness in the U.S., according to a recent report, largely because developers make bigger profits building what are essentially tax-haven investments for hedge funds and the wealthy.

Rutinel stressed for most Coloradans living paycheck to paycheck, the risk of experiencing homelessness is very real.

"Unfortunately, if you don't have the resources saved up to be able to get yourself through a tough time or you don't have the family or friend infrastructure in place to house you in those moments, you end up on the streets," Rutinel observed.