CHARLESTON, W. Va. - Advocates for early-childhood and family-support programs have delivered a symbolic $13 million check to West Virginia lawmakers - money they say could be lost if the state goes ahead with budget cuts.

The state support for these programs allows them to leverage $13 million a year in federal and charity money. Del. Nancy Peoples Guthrie, D-Kanawha, said her peers on the House Finance Committee hadn't realized how much outside funding the programs bring into West Virginia. But now, she said, the committee is scrounging to find ways to avoid the cuts.

"To cut them and have them lose federal dollars as a result of a cut that we would make, it doesn't make any sense," she said. "I think that when we made that case, they hadn't thought about it."

The programs offer services such as child-abuse prevention and home visitation for families at risk.

Greg Puckett, executive director of Community Connections, the Mercer County Family Resource Network, said that while lawmakers talk about problems such as substance abuse and kids in unhealthy home environments, his team is in the trenches, where those problems all tie together. Puckett said these programs are some of the best ways to address them.

"If we come back in and work with our local legislators and increase the capacity of our economic development, then we can actually reduce substance abuse," he said. "And we can give families hope and we can give families opportunity."

If the programs have to cut back, Puckett said, a lot of people will lose a last resort. He cited one current case, of a woman his agency just helped when she couldn't afford a home repair project.

"I had a lady call me in my office, and she said, 'I don't have a door on my trailer.' It's one of those things where they know to call us," he said. "When those services are extremely limited anyway, then these people are not going to have a place to turn."

Gov. Earl Ray Tomblin's budget blueprint would cut nearly $1 million next year from these and related programs. Tomblin has cited reduced tax revenue as causing a big budget gap, although critics say much of it is due to tax cuts.


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Wisconsin is one of 33 states allowing Social Security benefits to be extended to teachers.

As the future of the program is debated, a retired educator said keeping certainty in place is crucial if the country doesn't want more people leaving the profession. On the campaign trail, some Republican candidates have floated ideas opponents argued would either cut or eliminate the program.

John Bigley, a retired eighth grade science teacher from the Rhinelander area, said he earned a pension, but he added the extra help from Social Security payments makes retirement less challenging financially, especially during a period of high inflation.

"We have what we have right now, and it's keeping our head above water," Bigley acknowledged. "We don't have a lot of stress."

But he worries about recipients who do not have other retirement savings. Bigley added threatening to reduce benefits does not help to retain teachers during a national shortage of educators.

Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis., is among those suggesting program changes. He defended his approach by saying he wants to move it to discretionary spending to enact needed reforms.

Alex Lawson, executive director of Social Security Works, said older Americans are especially feeling the weight of higher-consumer costs. He argued retired teachers are among the many individuals who deserve to keep the earned benefit after devoting their life to a certain profession.

"We need to pay teachers more, I'll say that, across the board," Lawson asserted. "But at the same time, we need to ensure that every teacher who's paid into the system, that they don't have to be scared that some politician is going to reach into our pocket and take our benefits away."

Teacher advocates pointed out teachers also face less job security, as school districts struggle with budget issues of their own. They contended what teachers earn through Social Security will at least be there if they do not stay on long enough to secure a pension.

It's estimated only one in five teachers in the U.S. go on to receive their full pension benefits.

Average Affordable Care Act premiums in Wisconsin would have been 56% higher this year without temporary subsidies from the federal government, and small-business advocates say a new extension is a big help when smaller firms are trying to get back on their financial feet.

The Inflation Reduction Act included a provision to extend the ACA's premium subsidies through 2025. The extra tax credits are from an earlier pandemic relief package and were set to run though this year.

David Chase, vice president for outreach at the Small Business Majority, said the extension removes a lot of headaches during a complicated time for owners of smaller operations.

"Only about half of small businesses are able to offer coverage," he said, "and we've seen that number drop even more since the pandemic, which makes the Inflation Reduction Act even more important."

Since its inception, Chase said, the Affordable Care Act has been a game-changer for small businesses but acknowledges owners still face challenges. He said health-care costs continue to rise, with one recent analysis noting marketplace insurers already were proposing premium hikes for 2023. Policy experts have said the subsidy extension will help buffer those higher expenses.

Shawn Phetteplace, the Wisconsin-based Midwest regional manager of the Main Street Alliance, said the extension is especially helpful here, because Wisconsin is still among the 12 states that have yet to expand Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act. He said that adds barriers for small business owners trying to build a staff these days.

"A lot of folks go and do jobs - that they're working for large corporations purely to get health insurance," he said. "You have folks who don't start a business because they need health insurance. You have folks that only are part-time with their business because they need health insurance."

The Inflation Reduction Act also will allow Medicare to negotiate some drug prices. Analysts have said that also could help small business owners in the future, because skyrocketing prices have made it harder to select a plan to offer to their staff.

Childhood poverty was cut nearly in half during the Covid pandemic due to expanded federal programs like the child tax credit, and stimulus payments, which also prevented some five million Americans from falling below the poverty line.

Advocates for the poor argued those gains are already being lost since the most helpful programs were not extended, and high inflation is now impacting families as well.

Joe Diamond, executive director of the Massachusetts Association for Community Action, a coalition of some 23 community action agencies, said advocates are using lessons learned during the pandemic to help improve peoples' lives.

"We were inspired by the resilience of the people that we served, and we also were inspired by what we found to be the effectiveness of the programs that were able to run during the pandemic," Diamond remarked. "We know that our mission now also includes doing our very best to sustain those programs and to continue to work as hard as we can towards of our goal of reducing poverty."

Advocates suggested strategies could include the creation of a state-funded child tax credit, providing an adequate guaranteed income, and supporting extensive outreach to ensure every family receives the benefits they need, and to which they're entitled.

Tax reform and public benefits are not the only answer.

Nancy Wagman, research and Kids Count director at the Massachusetts Budget and Policy Center, said people need good jobs, with growing wages.

"People who are poor are largely working," Wagman pointed out. "They're just working at jobs that either don't pay enough or are unstable, unpredictable hours, those sorts of things. So the kinds of policies that help support work for workers really can make a difference."

Wagman has updated a pre-pandemic report on the challenges faced by poor people in Massachusetts due to historic underinvestment in public transit, quality child care and affordable housing; challenges only made greater by the pandemic and institutional racism.

For example, Black veterans of World War II were denied the G.I. Bill, and today, Black workers and those of Latin descent have a harder time breaking out of low-wage jobs.

Wagman contended the state can play a crucial role in ensuring barriers to opportunity are dismantled, by revising the tax code, so as not to primarily benefit those on top.

Meanwhile, the need for help remains critical for people living on the margins. The coalition is hosting its first in-person gathering since the start of the pandemic today. They say member organizations are excited to implement the lessons learned these past two years, and they are even more committed to the challenge of ending poverty.

Laura Meisenhelter, executive director of North Shore Community Action Programs, said the need for help has only increased since federal pandemic aid ended.

"We've given out more gas cards to help put gas in their car, and gift cards to grocery stores, so they can feed their families," Meisenhelter outlined. "We've done that more than we ever have."

Anti-poverty advocates are honing in on Essex County, the state's third most populous county, and focusing on the challenges there related to housing, food insecurity and job development. They hope their work will serve as a model for other counties going forward.

Beth Francis, president and CEO of the Essex County Community Foundation, explained they are one of many charitable organizations supporting such efforts.

"These community action agencies are in all across the Commonwealth, and they do vitally important work," Francis stressed. "We are proud to fund them, and they work with our most vulnerable families and I think they need to have a little light shed on them."