MADISON, Wis. – A new study from the American Automobile Association shows that 75 percent of drivers choose a gas station based on location or price, but gasoline that has the Top Tier designation keeps engines much cleaner, which means lower emissions.

The study says nationwide, Top Tier gas costs only about 3 cents a gallon more than gas that doesn't carry the Top Tier designation.

The Top Tier designation means the gas has enhanced additives that promote optimal engine performance.

Nick Jarmusz, director of public affairs for AAA-Wisconsin, says the study shows the type of gasoline you use really does make a difference.

"Really, it's not worth driving around to look for the absolute lowest price,” he advises. “It could be very much worth it in the long run in terms of keeping your engine running better, smoother, and if you're concerned about emissions that your vehicle is putting out, that's certainly a small price to pay."

According to Jarmusz, the extra 3 cents a gallon for Top Tier gas will pay for itself through increased gas mileage, and fewer engine deposits, which means lower maintenance costs. There is also the benefit of reduced engine emissions.

Jarmusz says the study shows that right now, only 12 percent of U.S. drivers select a gas based on whether it has enhanced additives.

AAA hired an independent lab to do the study, comparing gasolines that meet Top Tier standards with brands that do not participate in the Top Tier program, which is backed by eight of the nation's largest automakers.

The study says not using a Top-Tier gas will not damage an engine, but it clearly shows that engines running on Top Tier gasoline operate at optimum levels.

Jarmusz says about a third of the gas stations in the U.S. offer Top Tier gas.

"You could just Google Top Tier and there's a website that details and lists out the major fueling stations or even the local fueling stations that have that gasoline," he says.

Jarmusz says most stations that offer Top Tier gas will say so in their advertising, and will have a sticker right at the gas pump indicating that the gas meets the Top Tier standards.




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A large tax hike could appear soon, that would affect Illinois' small businesses still rebounding from the pandemic. One group hopes Congress will act before two bills expire, and the tax increase takes effect.

A small business advocacy group, The National Federation of Independent Businesses (NFIB) says one of them - the 20% Small Business Deduction Act - was created to align small business tax rates with those of larger corporate competitors.

The group's Vice President for Federal Government Relations Jeff Brabant said...

"It's difficult for small businesses to be able to compete with a lot of their larger competitors, and increasing prices isn't always a great option for them," said Brabant. "If you're an employee and you go to a small employer who may not have the money to be able to offer great benefits, versus a large employer who can offer those benefits, it's always going to put the smaller employer at a little bit of a disadvantage."

If Congress decides not to renew the 20% Small Business Deduction Act, Brabant predicted that 90% of America's businesses would face additional barriers to growth and hiring more workers.

According to the U.S. Small Business Administration's 2023 Profile report, Illinois has slightly more than 2 million small business employees - which account for 44% of the state's employees.

The other law up for review by the House is the Main Street Tax Certainty Act, which permits small businesses to deduct up to 20% of their qualified business income and make it a permanent deduction.

Brabant noted that the NFIB strongly supports both measures, which expire on December 31, 2025 - and have bipartisan support.

As the country waits to see the presidential election results, he said he believes the plight of small businesses should be the "number one issue" on Congress's mind.

"It shouldn't be a Republican or Democratic issue," said Brabant. "This should be 'small businesses are the foundation of the economy,' and I don't think anyone wants to see Main Street businesses have a tax hike."

Brabant said the organization is glad both presidential candidates have talked about small businesses, because these discussions don't always occur.

He said NFIB's focus is to educate and increase Congress' awareness, and he said he hopes they will act sooner rather than later.




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A large tax hike could be awaiting small businesses still rebounding from the pandemic. One group hopes Congress will act before two bills expire and the tax increase takes effect. The 20% Small Business Deduction Act was created to align small business tax rates with those of larger corporate competitors. The National Federation of Independent Businesses, which advocates for small businesses, wants the laws renewed.

Jeff Brabant, NFIB Vice President, said small businesses have few alternatives for competing with bigger rivals.

"It's difficult for small businesses to be able to compete with a lot of their larger competitors, and increasing prices isn't always a great option for them." If you're an employee and you go to a small employer who may not have the money to be able to offer great benefits, versus a large employer who can offer those benefits, it's always going to put the smaller employer at a little bit of a disadvantage, he explained.

If Congress decides not to renew the Act, Brabant predicts 90% of America's businesses would face additional barriers to growth and hiring more workers. He said the average small business has less than eight employees. According to the U.S. Small Business Administration's 2023 Profile report, Indiana has slightly more than 1 million small business employees - which account for 44% of the state's workers.

The House is also reviewing the Main Street Tax Certainty Act. That allows small businesses to deduct up to 20% of their qualified business income and become a permanent deduction. Both measures are scheduled to expire at the end of next year. The NIFB strongly supports the laws, both of which have bipartisan support. As the country awaits election results, Brabant believes the plight of small businesses should be the number one issue on lawmakers' minds.

"It shouldn't be a Republican or Democratic issue. This should be 'small businesses are the foundation of the economy,' and I don't think anyone wants to see Main Street businesses have a tax hike," he continued.

Brabant said the organization is encouraged that both presidential candidates have discussed small businesses because those talks don't always happen. NIFB's focus is to educate and increase Congress' awareness and lawmakers for them to act sooner rather than later, he added.

Agribusiness has spent $500 million so far to lobby for changes to the next farm bill - in particular to invalidate a California law that bans extreme-confinement veal calves, breeding pigs and egg-laying chickens. Proposition 12, passed in 2018, also requires meat raised elsewhere but sold in California to meet that standard.

Sean Thomas, international director of investigations for the nonprofit Animal Equality, said the Farm Bill proposed by the House Agriculture Committee includes language similar to the EATS Act, which would repeal Prop 12.

"Prop 12, it was overwhelmingly passed in a democratic process by the majority of Californians, and the EATS Act seeks to undermine that and take away any state's ability to just have these most basic, basic standards for the welfare of animals," he said.

Supporters of the EATS Act argue that California's rules are hurting agriculture in other states. The meat industry also lobbies in favor of protein requirements in school lunches and subsidies for livestock operations and dairies. According to the website Open Secrets, meat companies have made more than $27 million in political contributions since 1990.

The government needs to conduct strong oversight of factory farms to guard against pollution in the air and water, Thomas contended.

"If we think of a large-scale industrial pig farm, the amount of waste that it produces is similar to that of a small city. These are farms that are so concentrated with animals that they have open-air lagoons that regularly leach chemicals of these waste products into groundwater," he continued.

The meat industry also funds training courses aimed at social media influencers and students that teach talking points on how to downplay the harms of industrial agriculture.


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