Towns and cities across America are rolling out recruiting efforts to keep their populations stable. A grant program for community-led projects puts the emphasis on making places livable for everyone, and the response is growing in North Dakota.

Since 2017, AARP has been awarding Community Challenge grants - which call for quick turnaround improvement projects carried out by civic leaders, nonprofits and residents.

At the state and national level this year, the program awarded its largest amount of grants so far.

Janelle Moos - advocacy director for AARP North Dakota - said as municipalities monitor population trends, putting a finer point on certain quality-of-life issues is important.

"Maybe it's making streets more walkable, making their downtown areas more friendly," said Moos. "How do they create community gardens?"

In North Dakota this year, four groups with ideas to improve their communities received grants totaling $52,000.

Among them is a plan for a public fishing spot in Devils Lake, as well as informational videos to promote the use of public transportation in the Bismarck, Mandan and Lincoln area.

Last year, Bismarck received funding to revitalize an underused park in a diverse area, with a new mural serving as a key component of the upgrades.

The city's Nutrition Services Program Coordinator Katie Johnke said she hopes it can spark conversations for similar efforts, while allowing area residents to come together on a range of issues.

"I think there's a lot of opportunity to use those spaces as a neutral environment for people to have those conversations," said Johnke.

The program is broadening its scope in considering projects, including those that address challenges such as affordable housing.

Moos said these collective efforts still center around the idea of making life better for everyone who either resides in or is looking to move to a specific community.

"We all want very similar things," said Moos. "So, these projects really look at what keeps people in communities but what attracts them and then how can we apply that funding to make sure that that is something that the community needs and wants."

Eastern Kentucky communities are grappling with a ballooning short-term rental market.

This year, the town of Stanton in the Red River Gorge was ranked as the seventh-most profitable in the country to invest in a short-term rental by AirDNA, a website compiling data on Airbnb market trends.

Jessa Turner, owner of HomeGrown HideAways, which operates several Airbnbs on a 100-acre farm in Berea, said the city has been supportive as her short-term rentals have grown to host travelers from 46 states and 38 countries, most, she said, to get "off the grid" and enjoy the area's outdoor recreation.

"Our community supports us big time," Turner observed. "Berea tourism, especially, they promote us on their Facebook page and on their website. We promote all the local events, we have a bulletin board here on the farm."

The Mountain Association has compiled a list of short-term rental resources for communities, including Out of Reach, a database breaking down rental affordability for low-income households by region; and a toolkit by Airbnb to help local policymakers develop fair short-term rental regulations.

Amanda Haney, codes and planning administrator for the City of Berea, said her college town has seen success with Airbnbs, after six years of requiring they be conditionally permitted. She noted the city has recently changed zoning regulations to make it easier for some property owners to pursue short-term rentals.

"Now you just register for them, basically approved in those rental-type neighborhoods," Haney explained. "But we still left those restrictions on single-family residential neighborhoods, because we think it's important to preserve the character of the neighborhood."

Turner added in parts of the region that have experienced flooding and other natural disasters, affordable housing is scarce. She favors regulations to rein in single-family homes as short-term rentals, noting since the pandemic, many homes have been bought up by developers who want to use them for rentals.

"I don't feel like single-family homes in neighborhoods need to be bought up and rented for short-term rentals," Turner emphasized. "I think that those should stay affordable housing for single families, as they were intended to be."

The Kentucky Tourism Industry Association and League of Cities are actively suing Airbnb over tax collection issues, saying of 16 short-term rentals within the City of Berea, only one was actively paying taxes.


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Rural areas often lack essential resources but one North Carolina community is proving how local action and investment can make a difference.

Research shows access to resources like transportation and safe housing is crucial for health, yet over one in five rural residents struggles with these needs. In West Marion, North Carolina, gaps in transportation, food distribution and health care were prevalent.

Paula Swepson, executive director of the nonprofit West Marion Community Forum, recalled despite being a close-knit community, many people needed guidance on how to participate in creating change.

"You don't know what you don't know, so you don't know the resources out there," Swepson observed. "There always needs to be some type of connection with institutional partners that can let you know what's available for your community."

With direction and grants from the Kate B. Reynolds Charitable Trust, the West Marion Community Forum was established. Swepson pointed out the forum taught residents how to connect with town officials to make their voices heard.

Swepson added since then, the Forum has brought critical resources, initiated programs and established community systems. She emphasized the Foundation did not impose solutions but showed residents how to identify and address their own needs.

"They had the technical assistants come in and just facilitate monthly meetings, and just have conversations with the community and do root-cause analysis," Swepson outlined. "Out of that came our working groups."

Today, Swepson noted the forum operates a youth-led community garden and there are transportation and housing working groups. They are also focused on improving health care and building a community center. She added the progress shows community action is key to change.

"The way the community is operating now -- and the whole county now -- is that people feel empowered to at least go to the meetings and stand up," Swepson stressed. "And public comment if they can't get on the agenda, and address the things that they want to see and the concerns that they have."

The success in West Marion has inspired similar forums in East Marion and Old Fort.

By Darian Benson for Mirror Indy.
Broadcast version by Joe Ulery for Indiana News Service reporting for the Mirror Indy-Free Press Indiana-Public News Service Collaboration.

Elizabeth Castle drives past what was the Indiana Women's Prison almost daily. She lives a block away in the Willard Park neighborhood on the near east side.

"I have heard of teenagers shooting guns and hiding in the old prison building according to neighborhood emails and have seen people wandering around the remains of buildings," Castle said.

Neighbors say the long-vacant Indiana Women's Prison site is in terrible shape, and they hope the city can assist them in redeveloping the property.

"The site is just sitting there, gradually deteriorating," said Will Pritchard, a member of the Indiana Women's Prison Alliance, a group advocating for redevelopment.

"Sometimes the windows are open. Sometimes there's holes in the roofs. It's often not mowed. It's collecting trash around the site."

The Indiana Department of Administration, the agency that maintains and manages all state property, owns the property, which has been vacant for seven years. The Women's Prison was relocated to the west side in 2009, and the eastside property became a reentry facility for the Marion County criminal justice system until closing in 2017.

The Indiana Department of Administration's website states the grounds are mowed by maintenance crews every three to four weeks, weather permitting.

Neighbors think city is better positioned to manage property

The alliance and several surrounding neighborhood organizations are calling for the state to transfer ownership of the property to the city, believing the city is better positioned to plan the property's future.

Pritchard believes, after speaking with city officials, that Indianapolis is open to receiving the site from the state. He said the city has more experience working with neighborhoods and has plans for eastside redevelopment. He has heard the state might also be interested in transferring ownership to the city in exchange for an unidentified property currently owned by the city.

The Indianapolis Department of Metropolitan Development declined to comment.

"It's probably the biggest, dilapidated vacant site on the east side, and it is owned by the state of Indiana, which is really outrageous when you think about it that a site with that reputation is actually owned by the state government," Pritchard said.

The future of the site is unclear. Molly Timperman, a spokesperson for the Department of Administration, said the state isn't ready to make a decision on what to do with the site. When it is, "we are happy to have a community conversation," she said.

Pritchard lives in Woodruff Place, one of three neighborhoods surrounding the former women's prison. The alliance has asked the three neighborhoods - Willard Park, Woodruff Place and St. Clair Place - to write letters in support of the property transfer. The alliance has also requested a meeting with the Department of Administration and the mayor's office.

He hopes to come to a resolution before Gov. Eric Holcomb leaves office, worrying that the clock will restart under a new state administration. Neighborhood leaders and the state haven't always seen eye to eye.

The state has demolished most of the buildings at the former prison except for a few, including the chapel, administration building and a few dormitories. The state had set aside money to tear down the remaining buildings, but the neighborhoods blocked the demolition.

Pritchard said the state needed the neighborhoods' approval to demolish the remaining buildings because they are classified as historic. The neighborhoods aren't ready to give that approval until they know more about plans for redevelopment or reuse.

"We don't want to give our approval to tear down the buildings, because we don't trust that the DOA will build something on the site that's conducive to the surrounding neighborhoods" Pritchard said. "And we're not convinced that they will include the neighborhoods' input, either."

Regardless, Timperman said the money that had been set aside to demolish the remaining buildings was used for other state projects and is no longer available.

What the neighborhood wants

A few years ago the alliance conducted a survey asking residents what they would like to see replace the abandoned site. Requests ranged from houses, to a workforce development training center to a grocery store.

"They have not said to the state or to the mayor's office, 'Here's what we want to see there,' because there's such a diversity of views," Pritchard said. "Their primary request is, their only request is to involve us in the decision."

Castle says the space has a lot of potential. She envisions mixed-use space for housing, entertainment and exercise.

"My greatest concern for the property staying vacant is at best a missed opportunity for the near east side," Castle said. "And at worst, an eyesore for all the neighbors around and potentially an enabler for criminal activity."


Darian Benson wrote this article for Mirror Indy.


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