It's been two decades since Minnesota stopped allowing undocumented people to apply for a driver's license. But there's renewed momentum in the Legislature to roll back that restriction.
A House panel heard testimony yesterday for a "Drivers' Licenses for All" bill. The idea has seen heavy debate in recent years but hasn't been able to pass under split state government.
Its supporters feel their chances are better now, with Democrats controlling the governor's office and legislature.
Community organizer with Unidos MN Regina Olono Vidales spoke in support of the plan, and said that in college, it was a barrier for her and other undocumented students.
"People like us live in fear every day," said Vidales. "Just from going to work, to class, to go get groceries, you name it. This is an issue of transportation, accessibility, education, public safety and so much more."
Other supporters who testified included business groups, faith leaders and members of law enforcement. Some note it would provide stability to Minnesota's labor force and make roadways safer.
Republicans who oppose the idea argue it opens the door to illegal immigration and could lead to instances of voter fraud.
But Democratic-Farmer-Labor lawmakers have noted these would be "noncompliant" licenses related to the Real ID Act, meaning they couldn't be used to register to vote.
Francisco Segovia is the executive director of Comunidades Organizando el Poder y la Acción Latina (COPAL MN), which is leading a campaign to get the bill passed in the first 45 days of session. He said opponents have allowed this issue to become politicized.
"A driver's license is basically an authorization or a privilege to be able to operate a motor vehicle," said Segovia. "It shouldn't be an immigration issue here. And everyone benefits from having people driving vehicles with the proper authorization and the proper training."
Segovia said he thinks policymakers need to consider the state's growing Latino population, nearly 40% of whom under age 18.
He said some are growing up in households with parents who can't drive them to after-school activities and appointments, putting them at a disadvantage.
Nearly 20 states already offer driving privileges to people who lack permanent legal status.
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A Minnesota bill could surface as early as this week, calling for a proposed tax increase to fund transportation needs.
Advocates and local government leaders hope lawmakers hear calls from the public to offer a range of options for residents to get around.
Transportation remains one of the issues still being debated in the current legislative session.
Sam Rockwell, executives director of the group Move Minnesota, said its recent polling indicates a majority of Minnesotans want to see more flexibility in how transit funds are spent.
"We saw 66% of Minnesotans," said Rockwell, "supporting shifting funding to support biking, walking and transit."
About 55% said they would support a regional sales tax to fund metro-area transit improvements. That's one of the recommendations from Rockwell's group to boost options.
While Democrats control the Legislature and the governor's office, it's unclear how transportation funding will come together. Republicans blocked a bonding bill, which included money for things such as walking trails, citing the need for tax relief first.
Bloomington City Council Member Patrick Martin said providing more efficient and accessible transportation options can help in a variety of ways, including helping business corridors.
"The development possibilities it opens up," said Martin, "knowing, you can say, reduced parking because there's reliable transportation nearby."
Nearly one third of Minnesotans said they would be more likely to use buses and trains if there were greater access in their neighborhoods.
Rockwell suggested that following up on that demand could help reduce emissions and personal budgets, because people wouldn't have to rely on cars as much.
"Being able to rely on your feet, on a bicycle, on the bus and the train," said Rockwell, "brings those transportation costs down."
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The transportation and warehousing industry continues to lead as Indiana's fastest-growing business sector, and has been for over a decade now, but the companies, like many others, don't have enough employees.
The Indiana Business Research Center at Indiana University said despite hiring bonuses and "help wanted" signs posted at trucking companies, too many jobs remain unfilled.
Carla Rogers, director of the center, said at the onset of the pandemic, the demand for goods could not keep up with the low supply of workers.
"We suddenly started getting more and more stuff delivered," Rogers recounted. "Instead of going to a store, we were getting it delivered. That needed more trucks, more truck drivers, more people in the warehouses to do the stocking."
Rogers pointed out Indiana's Department of Workforce Development has received federal money to create "WorkOne," an online center arranged by county where people can get information on choosing or changing a career, job training and apprenticeships.
She is also optimistic Indiana will continue to offer a "high school to community college to commercial training" pipeline for the next generation of workers in these fields.
Rogers thinks the trucking industry still has some barriers to address, to help people understand truck driving can be not only a safe experience, but also a well-paid career.
"We really ought to be looking at women, young people and people of color," Rogers urged. "These are the folks that could really benefit by what trucking is doing - and also train people up to become digitally literate."
According to the Business Research Center, between 2011 and 2021, Indiana's transportation and warehousing sector grew by almost 37%, adding more than 46,000 jobs, bringing the total number of statewide transportation and warehousing jobs to more than 171,000.
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Transit advocates are calling on Connecticut's General Assembly to keep the state's public transit system free.
In April 2022, Gov. Ned Lamont signed legislation suspending collection of bus fares throughout the state, but the program ends March 31.
The General Assembly is reviewing a bill to require the state's Department of Transportation to conduct a fare equity analysis, to study making fare-free public transportation permanent in Connecticut. The bill might not pass before the suspension of fares ends.
Jay Stange, coordinator for Transport Hartford Academy, wants the bill to be amended to delay the program's end. He described how fare-free transit helps Connecticut bus riders.
"Bus service that's free and equitable is a means of reducing transportation expenses for individuals and families," Stange pointed out. "Especially, amid unstable gas prices right now, growing inflation, and the continuing impacts of the pandemic."
The bill had a public hearing at which most Connecticut residents gave support, not only for the bill, but also for keeping the state's public transportation free permanently. Opposition to the bill came from one of the state's transit districts, which did its own study on eliminating fares, and found the costs outweigh the benefits.
One challenge Stange noted has been convincing legislators setting aside $32 million to $40 million is important for the program. This funding would keep it alive for another year as the fare equity analysis gets underway, should the bill requiring it pass. He feels public transportation needs to be a public good for anyone who needs it.
"We are making the case to folks who make the decisions about appropriations in Connecticut that this is a good and worthwhile investment," Stange asserted. "Fare-free transit should be a public good like going to the library or getting EMS service."
During the pandemic, public transportation saw massive ridership declines due in part to social distancing rules and a lack of knowledge about COVID-19, but data from the American Public Transportation Association shows bus ridership has been steadily increasing, though it has not reached pre-pandemic levels.
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